ABSTRACT
The Encyclopedia of Caves and Karst Science contains 350 alphabetically arranged entries. The topics include cave and karst geoscience, cave archaeology and human use of caves, art in caves, hydrology and groundwater, cave and karst history, and conservation and management. The Encyclopedia is extensively illustrated with photographs, maps, diagrams, and tables, and has thematic content lists and a comprehensive index to facilitate searching and browsing.
TABLE OF CONTENTS
letter |273 pages
A
entry |4 pages
Accidents and Rescue
entry |3 pages
Adaptation: Behavioural
entry |3 pages
Adaptation: Eyes
entry |2 pages
Adaptation: Genetics
entry |6 pages
Adaptation: Morphological (External)
entry |4 pages
Adaptation: Morphological (Internal)
entry |4 pages
Adaptation: Physiological
entry |7 pages
Africa, North
entry |7 pages
Africa, South: Archaeological Caves
entry |8 pages
Africa, Sub-Saharan
entry |3 pages
Africa: Biospeleology
entry |6 pages
Aggtelek and Slovak Karst, Hungary-Slovakia
entry |3 pages
Aggtelek Caves, Hungary-Slovakia: Archaeology
entry |3 pages
Akiyoshi-Dai Karst and Caves, Japan
entry |5 pages
Alpine Karst
entry |3 pages
Altamira Cave, Spain: Archaeology
entry |6 pages
America, Central
entry |5 pages
America, Central and the Caribbean Islands: Biospeleology
entry |6 pages
America, Central: Archaeological Caves
entry |4 pages
America, North: Archaeological Caves
entry |9 pages
America, North: Biospeleology
entry |8 pages
America, North: History
entry |9 pages
America, South
entry |4 pages
America, South: Biospeleology
entry |3 pages
America, South: History
entry |3 pages
Amphibia
entry |3 pages
Amphibia: Proteus
entry |5 pages
Anchialine Habitats
entry |4 pages
Annelida
entry |2 pages
Antarctica
entry |4 pages
Appalachian Mountains, United States
entry |1 pages
Arachnida
entry |5 pages
Arachnida: Araneae (Spiders)
entry |3 pages
Arachnida: Acari (Mites and Ticks)
entry |4 pages
Arachnida: Minor Groups
entry |9 pages
Archaeologists
entry |4 pages
Archaeology of Caves: History
entry |3 pages
Ardèche Caves, France: Archaeology
entry |2 pages
Art in Caves
entry |3 pages
Art in Caves: History
entry |5 pages
Art Showing Caves
entry |3 pages
Art: Cave Art in Australasia
entry |3 pages
Art: Cave Art in Europe
entry |6 pages
Art: Cave Art in the Americas
entry |5 pages
Asia, Central
entry |2 pages
Asia, Northeast
entry |6 pages
Asia, Northeast: History
entry |8 pages
Asia, Southeast
entry |7 pages
Asia, Southeast Islands
entry |4 pages
Asia, Southeast: Archaeological Caves
entry |6 pages
Asia, Southeast: Biospeleology
entry |4 pages
Asia, Southeast: History
entry |4 pages
Asia, Southwest
entry |6 pages
Asiago Plateau, Italy
entry |2 pages
Atapuerca Caves, Spain: Archaeology
entry |8 pages
Australia
entry |3 pages
Australia: Archaeological and Paleontological Caves
entry |4 pages
Australia: Biospeleology
entry |5 pages
Australia: History
entry |3 pages
Aves (Birds)
letter |80 pages
B
entry |5 pages
Bambuí Karst, Brazil
entry |4 pages
Bauxite Deposits in Karst
entry |3 pages
Bear Rock Karst, Canada
entry |3 pages
Belgium: Archaeological Caves
entry |2 pages
Belize River Caves
entry |4 pages
Biodiversity in Hypogean Waters
entry |4 pages
Biodiversity in Terrestrial Cave Habitats
entry |5 pages
Biofilms
entry |2 pages
Biokarstification
entry |6 pages
Biology of Caves
entry |6 pages
Biospeleologists
entry |4 pages
Blue Holes of the Bahamas
entry |3 pages
Boa Vista, Toca, Brazil
entry |6 pages
Books On Caving
entry |6 pages
Britain and Ireland: Archaeological and Paleontological Caves
entry |4 pages
Britain and Ireland: Biospeleology
entry |4 pages
Britain and Ireland: History
entry |4 pages
Burials in Caves
entry |5 pages
Burren Glaciokarst, Ireland
letter |213 pages
C
entry |4 pages
Calcareous Alps, Austria
entry |7 pages
Canada
entry |6 pages
Canary Islands: Biospeleology
entry |4 pages
Cape Range, Australia: Biospeleology
entry |2 pages
Carbon Dioxide-Enriched Cave Air
entry |5 pages
Carbonate Karst
entry |4 pages
Carbonate Minerals: Precipitation
entry |5 pages
Caribbean Islands
entry |3 pages
Caribbean Islands: History
entry |6 pages
Carlsbad Cavern and Lechuguilla Cave, United States
entry |5 pages
Carmel Caves, Israel: Archaeology
entry |5 pages
Castleguard Cave, Canada
entry |6 pages
Caucasus, Georgia
entry |4 pages
Caves
entry |4 pages
Caves in Fiction
entry |4 pages
Caves in History: The Eastern Mediterranean
entry |3 pages
Cerknica Polje, Slovenia: History
entry |4 pages
Cheju-do Lava Caves, South Korea
entry |4 pages
Chemistry of Natural Karst Waters
entry |4 pages
Chillagoe and Mitchell-Palmer Karsts, Australia
entry |7 pages
China
entry |11 pages
China: Archaeological Caves
entry |5 pages
Chiroptera (Bats)
entry |8 pages
Climate of Caves
entry |3 pages
Coastal Karst
entry |5 pages
Cockpit Country Cone Karst, Jamaica
entry |5 pages
Colonization
entry |4 pages
Communications in Caves
entry |2 pages
Condensation Corrosion
entry |5 pages
Cone Karst
entry |4 pages
Conservation: Cave Biota
entry |3 pages
Conservation: Protected Areas
entry |4 pages
Construction on Karst
entry |8 pages
Crevice Caves
entry |3 pages
Crimea, Ukraine
entry |8 pages
Crustacea
entry |3 pages
Crustacea: Amphipoda
entry |4 pages
Crustacea: Copepoda
entry |4 pages
Crustacea: Decapoda (Shrimps, Crayfish, Crabs)
entry |7 pages
Crustacea: Isopoda (Aquatic)
entry |4 pages
Crustacea: Isopoda: Oniscidea (Woodlice)
entry |3 pages
Crustacea: Ostracoda
entry |6 pages
Crustacea: Syncarida
entry |3 pages
Cuba
entry |5 pages
Cupp-Coutunn Cave, Turkmenistan
letter |78 pages
D
entry |6 pages
Dams and Reservoirs on Karst
entry |4 pages
Dating Methods: Archaeological
entry |4 pages
Dating of Karst Landforms
entry |3 pages
Dent de Crolles Cave System, France
entry |5 pages
Di Feng Dong, China
entry |3 pages
Dinaric Karst
entry |5 pages
Dinaric Karst: Biospeleology
entry |4 pages
Dinaride Poljes
entry |5 pages
Disease
entry |8 pages
Dissolution: Carbonate Rocks
entry |5 pages
Dissolution: Evaporite Rocks
entry |2 pages
Dissolution: Silicate Rocks
entry |5 pages
Diving in Caves
entry |14 pages
Dolines
entry |5 pages
Draenen, Ogof Draenen, Wales
letter |94 pages
E
entry |4 pages
Edwards Aquifer, United States
entry |3 pages
Edwards Aquifer, United States: Biospeleology
entry |3 pages
Encantado, Sistema del Rio, Puerto Rico
entry |2 pages
Entrance Habitats
entry |4 pages
Environmental Impacts Assessments
entry |5 pages
Erosion Rates: Field Measurements
entry |4 pages
Erosion Rates: Theoretical Models
entry |5 pages
Europe, Alpine
entry |7 pages
Europe, Balkans and Carpathians
entry |4 pages
Europe, Central
entry |5 pages
Europe, Central: Archaeological Caves
entry |3 pages
Europe, Central: History
entry |3 pages
Europe, Mediterranean
entry |4 pages
Europe, Mediterranean: Archaeological and Paleontological Caves
entry |7 pages
Europe, North
entry |8 pages
Evaporite Karst
entry |5 pages
Evolution of Hypogean Fauna
entry |7 pages
Exploration Societies
entry |5 pages
Exploring Caves
entry |6 pages
Extraterrestrial Caves
letter |37 pages
F
entry |4 pages
Films in Caves
entry |6 pages
Floral Resources
entry |2 pages
Fluviokarst
entry |2 pages
Folklore and Mythology
entry |6 pages
Food Resources
entry |3 pages
Forests on Karst
entry |4 pages
France: Biospeleology
entry |2 pages
France: History
entry |5 pages
France, Southern Massif Central
entry |3 pages
Frasassi Caves, Italy
letter |74 pages
G
entry |8 pages
Geophysical Detection of Caves and Karstic Voids
entry |7 pages
Geoscientists
entry |4 pages
Gibraltar Caves, Gibraltar: Archaeology
entry |6 pages
Glacier Caves and Glacier Pseudokarst
entry |6 pages
Glacierized and Glaciated Karst
entry |3 pages
Golondrinas and the Giant Shafts of Mexico
entry |4 pages
Grand Canyon, United States
entry |8 pages
Groundwater in Karst
entry |3 pages
Groundwater in Karst: Borehole Hydrology
entry |5 pages
Groundwater in Karst: Conceptual Models
entry |3 pages
Groundwater in Karst: Mathematical Models
entry |3 pages
Groundwater Pollution: Dispersed
entry |3 pages
Groundwater Pollution: Point Sources
entry |4 pages
Groundwater Pollution: Remediation
entry |2 pages
Groundwater Protection
entry |3 pages
Guano
entry |2 pages
Gunpowder
letter |82 pages
H
entry |4 pages
Ha Long Bay, Vietnam
entry |4 pages
Hawaii Lava Tube Caves, United States
entry |5 pages
Hawaiian Islands: Biospeleology
entry |4 pages
Highways on Karst
entry |3 pages
Hölloch, Switzerland
entry |39 pages
Hongshui River Fengcong Karst, China
entry |3 pages
Huanglong and Jiuzhaigou, China
entry |3 pages
Huautla Cave System, Mexico
entry |5 pages
Human Occupation of Caves
entry |5 pages
Hydraulics of Caves
entry |7 pages
Hydrocarbons in Karst
letter |58 pages
I
entry |7 pages
Ice in Caves
entry |9 pages
Inception of Caves
entry |9 pages
Indian Subcontinent
entry |3 pages
Insecta: Apterygota
entry |9 pages
Insecta: Coleoptera (Beetles)
entry |5 pages
Insecta: Pterygota
entry |4 pages
Interstitial Habitats (Aquatic)
entry |4 pages
Interstitial Habitats (Terrestrial)
entry |4 pages
Invertebrates: Minor Groups
entry |4 pages
Iran
letter |7 pages
J
entry |3 pages
Jeita Cave, Lebanon
entry |4 pages
Journals on Caves
letter |43 pages
K
entry |3 pages
Kaijende Arête and Pinnacle Karst, Papua New Guinea
entry |3 pages
Kanin Massif, Slovenia-Italy
entry |8 pages
Karren
entry |3 pages
Karst
entry |6 pages
Karst Evolution
entry |2 pages
Karst Hydrology: History
entry |4 pages
Karst Resources and Values
entry |4 pages
Karst Water Resources
entry |4 pages
Khammouan, Laos-Vietnam
entry |3 pages
Kras, Slovenia
entry |3 pages
Krubera Cave, Georgia
letter |8 pages
L
entry |4 pages
Limestone as a Mineral Resource
entry |4 pages
Littoral Caves
letter |92 pages
M
entry |6 pages
Madagascar
entry |8 pages
Mammoth Cave Region, United States
entry |4 pages
Mammoth Cave, United States: Biospeleology
entry |3 pages
Marine Cave Habitats
entry |5 pages
Mendip Hills, England
entry |3 pages
Microbial Processes in Caves
entry |6 pages
Microorganisms in Caves
entry |4 pages
Military Uses of Caves
entry |5 pages
Minerals in Caves
entry |4 pages
Mineral Deposits in Karst
entry |2 pages
Mollusca
entry |4 pages
Mona, Puerto Rico
entry |4 pages
Monitoring
entry |8 pages
Morphology of Caves
entry |5 pages
Morphometry of Caves
entry |3 pages
Morphometry of Karst
entry |6 pages
Movile Cave, Romania
entry |6 pages
Mulu, Sarawak
entry |3 pages
Music in and About Caves
entry |3 pages
Myriapoda (Centipedes and Millipedes)
letter |22 pages
N
entry |3 pages
Nahanni Karst, Canada
entry |6 pages
Nakanai Caves, Papua New Guinea
entry |8 pages
New Zealand
entry |5 pages
Nullarbor Plain, Australia
letter |11 pages
O
entry |2 pages
Organic Resources in Caves
entry |5 pages
Organisms: Classification
entry |4 pages
Ornamental Use of Limestone
letter |122 pages
P
entry |6 pages
Paleoenvironments: Clastic Cave Sediments
entry |8 pages
Paleoenvironments: Speleothems
entry |6 pages
Paleokarst
entry |8 pages
Paleontology: Animal Remains in Caves
entry |4 pages
Paleotectonics From Speleothems
entry |3 pages
Palynology
entry |2 pages
Pamukkale, Turkey
entry |5 pages
Paragenesis
entry |4 pages
Patagonia Marble Karst, Chile
entry |5 pages
Patterns of Caves
entry |5 pages
Peak District, England
entry |8 pages
Photographing Caves
entry |2 pages
Phytokarst
entry |7 pages
Picos de Europa, Spain
entry |5 pages
Pierre Saint-Martin, France-Spain
entry |3 pages
Pinega Gypsum Caves, Russia
entry |8 pages
Piping Caves and Badlands Pseudokarst
entry |3 pages
Pisces (Fishes)
entry |5 pages
Pisces (Fishes): Amblyopsidae
entry |3 pages
Plitvice Lakes, Croatia
entry |3 pages
Poljes
entry |2 pages
Ponors
entry |4 pages
Postojna-Planina Cave System, Slovenia
entry |3 pages
Postojna-Planina Cave System: Biospeleology
entry |10 pages
Pseudokarst
letter |11 pages
Q
entry |5 pages
Quarrying of Limestone
entry |6 pages
Quartzite Caves of South America
letter |32 pages
R
entry |6 pages
Radiolocation
entry |4 pages
Radon in Caves
entry |4 pages
Ramsar Sites—Wetlands of International Importance
entry |3 pages
Recreational Caving
entry |5 pages
Religious Sites
entry |6 pages
Restoration of Caves and Speleothem Repair
entry |4 pages
Russia and Ukraine
letter |197 pages
S
entry |4 pages
Salukkan Kallang, Indonesia: Biospeleology
entry |4 pages
Sediments: Allochthonous Clastic
entry |3 pages
Sediments: Autochthonous Clastic
entry |3 pages
Sediments: Biogenic
entry |3 pages
Sedom Salt Karst, Israel
entry |4 pages
Selma Plateau Caves, Oman
entry |4 pages
Sewu Cone Karst, Java
entry |2 pages
Shanidar Cave, Iraq: Archaeology
entry |4 pages
Shilin Stone Forest, China
entry |4 pages
Siberia, Russia
entry |4 pages
Siebenhengste, Switzerland
entry |9 pages
Silicate Karst
entry |4 pages
Škocjanske Jama, Slovenia
entry |3 pages
Sof Omar Cave, Ethiopia
entry |3 pages
Soils on Carbonate Karst
entry |3 pages
Soil Erosion and Sedimentation
entry |5 pages
Solution Breccias
entry |3 pages
Soviet Union: Speleological History
entry |3 pages
Spannagel Cave, Austria
entry |3 pages
Speciation
entry |5 pages
Speleogenesis
entry |4 pages
Speleogenesis Theories: Early
entry |7 pages
Speleogenesis Theories: Post-1890
entry |7 pages
Speleogenesis: Coastal and Oceanic Settings
entry |10 pages
Speleogenesis: Computer Models
entry |6 pages
Speleogenesis: Deep-Seated and Confined Settings
entry |7 pages
Speleogenesis: Unconfined Settings
entry |7 pages
Speleologists
entry |3 pages
Speleothem Studies: History
entry |4 pages
Speleothems: Carbonate
entry |6 pages
Speleothems: Evaporite
entry |6 pages
Speleothems: Luminescence
entry |3 pages
Speleotherapy
entry |10 pages
Springs
entry |6 pages
Stamps and Postcards
entry |3 pages
Stripe Karst
entry |5 pages
Subterranean Ecology
entry |8 pages
Subterranean Habitats
entry |3 pages
Sulfide Minerals in Karst
entry |6 pages
Surveying Caves
entry |6 pages
Syngenetic Karst
letter |47 pages
T
entry |7 pages
Talus Caves
entry |2 pages
Thermal Water Habitats
entry |2 pages
Tourism and Caves: History
entry |7 pages
Tourist Caves
entry |2 pages
Tourist Caves: Air Quality
entry |4 pages
Tourist Caves: Airborne Debris
entry |3 pages
Tourist Caves: Algae and Lampenflora
entry |4 pages
Tower Karst
entry |4 pages
Travertine
entry |5 pages
Tunnelling and Underground Dams in Karst
entry |7 pages
Turkey
letter |16 pages
U
entry |8 pages
Ukraine Gypsum Caves and Karst
entry |8 pages
United States of America
letter |31 pages
V
entry |4 pages
Valleys in Karst
entry |5 pages
Vercors, France
entry |3 pages
Vézére Archaeological Caves, France
entry |3 pages
Villa Luz, Cueva de, Mexico
entry |3 pages
Vjetrenica, Bosnia-Herzegovina: Biospeleology
entry |9 pages
Volcanic Caves
entry |4 pages
Vulcanospeleology: History
letter |28 pages
W
entry |4 pages
Walsingham Caves, Bermuda: Biospeleology
entry |6 pages
Water Tracing
entry |4 pages
Water Tracing: History
entry |3 pages
Wilderness
entry |4 pages
Wind and Jewel Caves, United States
entry |7 pages
World Heritage Sites
letter |17 pages
Y
entry |6 pages
Yangshuo Karst, China
entry |6 pages
Yorkshire Dales, England
entry |5 pages
Yucatán Phreas, Mexico
