ABSTRACT

This reference volume is the definitive guide to the economics and politics of the Middle East. It provides clear definitions detailing terms, concepts, names and organizations used in relation to current economic or political affairs in the Middle East. Entries define, explain and give further relevant information on countries, regions, ethnic groups, political parties, organizations, policies and disputes.

part 1A|82 pages

entry |1 pages

Abbas, Ferhat

entry |2 pages

Abbas, Mahmoud (‘Abu Mazen’)

entry |1 pages

Abbasi

entry |2 pages

Abdel Aziz, Muhammad

entry |1 pages

Abduh, Muhammad (1849–1905)

entry |1 pages

Abdul Aziz ibn Abdul Rahman as-Saud

entry |1 pages

Abdul Haq, Hadij

entry |1 pages

Abdullah, bin Hussein, Emir (then King) of Jordan

entry |1 pages

Abdullah II, King of Jordan

entry |2 pages

Abdullah ibn Abdul Aziz as-Saud, Crown Prince, Saudi Arabia (1923–)

entry |1 pages

‘Abu Ala'a’

entry |1 pages

‘Abu Ali’

entry |1 pages

‘Abu Ammar’

entry |1 pages

Abu Bilal

entry |2 pages

Abu Dhabi, Emirate of

entry |1 pages

Abu Dhabi City

entry |1 pages

Abu Dhabi Fund for (Arab Economic) Development

entry |1 pages

Abu Dhabi TV

entry |1 pages

Abu Hafs al-Masri Brigade

entry |1 pages

‘Abu Iyad’

entry |1 pages

‘Abu Jihad’

entry |1 pages

‘Abu Mazen’

entry |1 pages

Abu Mazen-Beilin Plan

entry |1 pages

Abu Musa Island

entry |1 pages

‘Abu Nidal’

entry |1 pages

‘Abu Qatada’

entry |1 pages

‘Abu Saleh’

entry |1 pages

‘Abu Yasser’

entry |1 pages

Achdut HaAvoda (Unity of Labour)

entry |1 pages

Acre (Akko)

entry |1 pages

Action for Change

entry |1 pages

Aden (South Yemen)

entry |1 pages

Aden-Abyan Islamic Army

entry |1 pages

ADIA—Abu Dhabi Investment Authority

entry |1 pages

Al-Adl w'al-Ihsan

entry |1 pages

Afghan Arabs

entry |1 pages

Afghan civil war

entry |1 pages

Afghan Interim Authority (AIA)

entry |2 pages

Afghan Service Bureau

entry |2 pages

Afghan-Soviet War—initial intervention

entry |2 pages

Afghan-Soviet War (1979–89)

entry |1 pages

Afghan Transit Trade Agreement (ATTA)

entry |2 pages

Afghani

entry |3 pages

Afghanistan, Transitional Islamic State of

entry |2 pages

Afghanistan, economy

entry |1 pages

Aflaq (Aflak), Michel (1910–89)

entry |2 pages

African Union (AU)

entry |1 pages

AFTZ

entry |1 pages

Aga Khan IV, His Highness Prince Karim

entry |1 pages

Aga Khan, Prince Sadruddin

entry |2 pages

Agriculture

entry |1 pages

Agudat Israel (Society or Community of Israel)

entry |1 pages

Ahali Group

entry |1 pages

Al-Ahbash

entry |1 pages

AHC

entry |1 pages

Al-Ahd

entry |1 pages

Ahmed, Hocine Aït

entry |1 pages

Ahoti

entry |1 pages

Ahvaz

entry |1 pages

AIA

entry |1 pages

Aid

entry |1 pages

AIS—Armée islamique du salut (Algeria)—Islamic Salvation Army

entry |1 pages

Aix-les-Bains Conference

entry |1 pages

Akayev, Askar Airf

entry |1 pages

Alawis or Alawites (Syria)

entry |1 pages

Alawite dynasty

entry |1 pages

Aleppo

entry |1 pages

Alexandria

entry |1 pages

ALF

entry |3 pages

Algeria, People's Democratic Republic of

entry |1 pages

Algeria, economy

entry |1 pages

Algerian League for the Defence of Human Rights

entry |1 pages

Algerian National Congress

entry |1 pages

Algerian National Front

entry |1 pages

Algiers

entry |1 pages

Algiers Accord

entry |1 pages

Ali, Ahmed ibn

entry |1 pages

Alignment Bloc-Maarach

entry |1 pages

Aliya

entry |2 pages

Allawi, Ayad

entry |1 pages

Allenby Bridge

entry |1 pages

Alliance nationale républicaine (ANR)

entry |1 pages

Allon, Yigal (1918–80)

entry |1 pages

Aloni, Shulamit

entry |1 pages

Am Ehad

entry |1 pages

Amal

entry |2 pages

AMAN

entry |1 pages

American-Egyptian Chamber of Commerce

entry |1 pages

Amin, Samir

entry |1 pages

Amman

entry |1 pages

Amnesty International

entry |1 pages

AMU

entry |1 pages

Amu Darya (Oxus river)

entry |1 pages

Anfal campaign

entry |1 pages

Anglo-American Committee

entry |1 pages

Anglo-Egyptian Treaty of 1936

entry |1 pages

Anglo-French Convention of 1904

entry |1 pages

Anglo-Iranian Oil Co

entry |1 pages

Anglo-Iraqi Treaty of 1922

entry |1 pages

Anglo-Iraqi Treaty of 1930

entry |1 pages

Anglo-Jordanian Treaty of 1948

entry |1 pages

Anglo-Ottoman Convention of 1913

entry |1 pages

Anglo-Persian Agreement of 1919

entry |1 pages

Anglo-Russian Agreement of 1907

entry |1 pages

Anglo-Transjordanian Treaty of 1923

entry |1 pages

Anjoman Islamie

entry |1 pages

Ankara

entry |2 pages

ANO—Abu Nidal Organization

entry |1 pages

Ansar-e Hezbollah

entry |2 pages

Ansar al-Islam

entry |1 pages

Ansar al-Qa'ida

entry |1 pages

Ansar al-‘Usba al-Islamiya

entry |1 pages

Ansarollah Group

entry |1 pages

Antonius George (1891–1941)

entry |1 pages

Aoun, Michel

entry |1 pages

Aqaba, Gulf of

entry |1 pages

Al-Aqsa International Bank

entry |1 pages

Al-Aqsa intifada

entry |1 pages

Al-Aqsa Martyrs' Brigade

entry |1 pages

Al-Aqsa mosque

entry |1 pages

Arab(s)

entry |1 pages

Arab African International Bank

entry |1 pages

Arab Ba'ath Party

entry |2 pages

Arab Bank (Jordan)

entry |1 pages

Arab Bank for Economic Development in Africa

entry |2 pages

Arab banking (Gulf Co-operation Council)

entry |3 pages

Arab Banking Corporation (ABC)

entry |1 pages

Arab Centre for the Study of Arid Zones and Dry Lands

entry |1 pages

Arab Common Market

entry |1 pages

Arab Conference on Justice

entry |1 pages

Arab Co-operation Council

entry |1 pages

Arab Democratic Front

entry |1 pages

Arab Democratic Party

entry |1 pages

Arab Deterrent Force

entry |1 pages

The Arab East

entry |2 pages

Arab Economic Unity Council

entry |1 pages

(Greater) Arab Free Trade Area

entry |1 pages

Arab Free Trade Zone (AFTZ)

entry |1 pages

Arab Fund for Economic and Social Development (AFESD)

entry |1 pages

Arab Fund for Technical Assistance to African Countries

entry |1 pages

Arab Higher Commission/Committee for Palestine

entry |2 pages

Arab Human Development Report

entry |1 pages

Arab Industrial Development and Mining Organization

entry |1 pages

Arab Industrialization Authority

entry |2 pages

Arab International Bank

entry |1 pages

Arab-Israeli Conflict

entry |1 pages

Arab-Israeli War (1948–49)

entry |2 pages

Arab-Israeli War (1956)

entry |1 pages

Arab-Israeli War (1967)

entry |2 pages

Arab-Israeli War (1973)

entry |1 pages

Arab Israelis—Israeli Arabs

entry |1 pages

Arab Labour Organization

entry |2 pages

Arab League (League of Arab States)

entry |1 pages

Arab League Council Resolution

entry |1 pages

Arab (League) Educational, Cultural and Scientific Organization (ALECSO)

entry |1 pages

Arab Liberation Front (ALF)

entry |2 pages

Arab Maghreb Union (AMU)

entry |1 pages

Arab Monetary Fund (AMF)

entry |1 pages

Arab nationalism

entry |1 pages

Arab Nationalist Movement

entry |1 pages

Arab Nationalist Movement (Kuwait)

entry |1 pages

Arab Nationalist Movement (North Yemen)

entry |1 pages

Arab Nationalist Movement (Saudi Arabia)

entry |1 pages

Arab Organization for Agricultural Development

entry |1 pages

Arab Petroleum Investment Corpn

entry |1 pages

The Arab Revolt

entry |2 pages

Arab Revolutionary Brigades

entry |1 pages

Arab Revolutionary Workers Party

entry |1 pages

Arab socialism

entry |1 pages

Arab Socialist Party (Syria)

entry |1 pages

Arab Socialist Union (ASU)

entry |1 pages

Arab Trade Financing Programme (ATFP)

entry |1 pages

Arab Union

entry |1 pages

The Arab West

entry |1 pages

Arab Women's Solidarity Association

entry |1 pages

Arab World

entry |1 pages

Arabia

entry |1 pages

Arabian-American Oil Co

entry |1 pages

Arabian Peninsula

entry |2 pages

Arabic

entry |1 pages

Arabistan

entry |1 pages

Al-Arabiya

entry |1 pages

Arabiyat, Abd al-Latif

entry |1 pages

Arabization

entry |2 pages

Arafat, Yasser

entry |1 pages

Aramaic

entry |1 pages

ARAMCO

entry |1 pages

Arbain

entry |1 pages

Arif, Abdul Rahman

entry |1 pages

Arif, Abdul Salam (Abd as-Salaam) (1920–66)

entry |1 pages

Armed forces

entry |1 pages

Armed Islamic Group

entry |1 pages

Armée islamique du salut

entry |1 pages

Armenia

entry |1 pages

Armenian massacres

entry |1 pages

Armenian Republic of Yerevan

entry |1 pages

Armenian Revolutionary Federation (ARF)

entry |1 pages

Armenians

entry |1 pages

Arsuzi, Zaki (1908–68)

entry |1 pages

Arvand Rud (River)

entry |1 pages

Asabiyya

entry |1 pages

Asbat al-Ansar

entry |1 pages

Asharq al-Awsat

entry |1 pages

Ashkenazim

entry |1 pages

Ashrawi, Hanan

entry |2 pages

Ashura

entry |1 pages

Al-'Asifa

entry |1 pages

Al-Assad, Bashar

entry |2 pages

Al-Assad, Hafiz

entry |2 pages

Al-Assad, Rifa'at

entry |1 pages

Assembly of Experts

entry |1 pages

Assembly of the Followers of the Imam's Line

entry |1 pages

Association of Islamic Charitable Projects

entry |1 pages

Association of Israel

entry |1 pages

Association of Muslim Clergy

entry |1 pages

Association of Reformist Ulema

entry |1 pages

Assyrian(s)

entry |1 pages

Aswan High Dam (Lake Nasser)

entry |2 pages

Atatürk, Kemal

entry |1 pages

Atef, Mohamed

entry |1 pages

Atilim

entry |1 pages

ATTA

entry |1 pages

Al-Attas, Haider Abu Bakr

entry |1 pages

Attasi, Nur ad-Din

entry |1 pages

Australia

entry |1 pages

Avalanche

entry |1 pages

Ayatollah

entry |1 pages

Azerbaijan

entry |1 pages

Azerbaijan (Iran)

entry |1 pages

Azeri

entry |1 pages

Al-Azhar University

entry |1 pages

Aziz, Tariq

entry |1 pages

Azzam, Abdullah

part 83B|40 pages

entry |1 pages

Ba'albek

entry |1 pages

Al-Ba'ath

entry |1 pages

(Arab) Ba'ath Party

entry |1 pages

(Arab) Ba'ath(ist) Socialist Party

entry |2 pages

Ba'ath(ist) Socialist Party (Iraq)

entry |1 pages

Ba'ath(ist) Socialist Party (Jordan)

entry |1 pages

Ba'ath(ist) Socialist Party (Lebanon)

entry |1 pages

Ba'athist Party (Libya)

entry |1 pages

Ba'ath(ist) Socialist Party (North Yemen)

entry |1 pages

Ba'ath(ist) Socialist Party (South Yemen)

entry |1 pages

Ba'ath(ist) Socialist Party (Syria)

entry |2 pages

Ba'athism

entry |1 pages

Ba'athists (Mauritania)

entry |1 pages

Babylon

entry |1 pages

Badr Brigade

entry |1 pages

Al-Badr, Muhammad

entry |1 pages

Badran, Mudar

entry |1 pages

Baghdad

entry |1 pages

Baghdad Pact

entry |1 pages

Baha'i

entry |1 pages

Baha'is

entry |3 pages

Baha'is in Morocco

entry |2 pages

Bahrain, economy

entry |1 pages

Bahrain Monetary Agency (BMA)

entry |1 pages

Bakdash, Khalid

entry |1 pages

Bakhtiar, Shahpur

entry |1 pages

Bakhtiaris

entry |1 pages

Al-Bakr, Gen. Ahmad Hassan

entry |1 pages

Balad

entry |1 pages

Balfour Declaration (1917)

entry |1 pages

Baluchis

entry |1 pages

Bam

entry |1 pages

Bandung Conference (1955)

entry |1 pages

Bani Sadr, Abol Hassan

entry |1 pages

Bank Ha'Mizrahi

entry |1 pages

Bank Ha'Poalim

entry |2 pages

Bank Leumi

entry |1 pages

Bank Muscat

entry |2 pages

Bank of Credit and Commerce International (BCCI)

entry |1 pages

Banking

entry |1 pages

Al-Banna, Hassan (1905–49)

entry |1 pages

Al-Banna, Sabri

entry |1 pages

Banque Commerciale du Maroc (BCM)

entry |1 pages

Banque du Crédit Populaire

entry |1 pages

Banque du Liban

entry |1 pages

Banque Marocaine du Commerce Extérieur (BMCE)

entry |1 pages

Banque Misr

entry |2 pages

Barak, Ehud

entry |1 pages

Al-Baraka

entry |1 pages

Barghouti, Marwan

entry |1 pages

Barzan

entry |1 pages

Barzani, Masoud

entry |1 pages

Barzani, Mustafa

entry |1 pages

Basmachi

entry |2 pages

Basmachi (revolt)

entry |1 pages

Basra

entry |1 pages

Bay'a

entry |1 pages

Bayar, Mahmum Celal

entry |2 pages

Al-Bayoumi, Omar

entry |1 pages

Bayt Ashuhada (House of the Martyrs)

entry |1 pages

Bazargan, Mehdi

entry |1 pages

BDL

entry |1 pages

Bedouin

entry |1 pages

Begin, Menachem Wolfovitch

entry |2 pages

Beilin, Yossi

entry |1 pages

Beirut

entry |1 pages

Beit al-Mal Holdings

entry |1 pages

Beka‘a Valley

entry |1 pages

Belhadj, Ali (Sheikh)

entry |2 pages

Ben Ali, Zine el-Abidine (1936–)

entry |1 pages

Ben Badis, Sheikh Abdelhamid (1889–1940)

entry |2 pages

Ben Barka, Mehdi

entry |1 pages

Ben Bella, Ahmed

entry |3 pages

Ben-Gurion, David (1886–1973)

entry |1 pages

Ben-Zvi, Itzhak (1884–1963)

entry |1 pages

Berber(s)

entry |1 pages

Berri, Nabih

entry |1 pages

Bet Nahrain Democratic Party

entry |1 pages

Bethlehem

entry |1 pages

Bey

entry |1 pages

Beyyat al-Islam

entry |1 pages

Bible

entry |1 pages

Biltmore Programme

entry |2 pages

Bin Laden, Osama

entry |1 pages

Bin Laden Group

entry |1 pages

Bitar, Salah ad-Din (1912–80)

entry |1 pages

Black September

entry |1 pages

Black September (organization)

entry |1 pages

Blessed Relief

entry |1 pages

Bloc national libanais

entry |1 pages

BMA

entry |1 pages

Bojinka Plan

entry |1 pages

Bonn Agreement

entry |2 pages

Boudiaf, Mohammed

entry |1 pages

Ould Boulkheir, Messoud

entry |1 pages

Boumedienne, Houari

entry |2 pages

Bourguiba, Habib

entry |1 pages

Bouteflika, Abdelaziz

entry |1 pages

Boutros-Ghali, Boutros

entry |1 pages

Brahimi, Abdelhamid

entry |1 pages

Bread riots

entry |1 pages

Bremer, Paul (1941–)

entry |2 pages

British forces in the Coalition

entry |1 pages

British forces in the Iraq War (2003)

entry |1 pages

British Petroleum (BP)

entry |1 pages

Broader Middle East and North Africa Initiative

entry |1 pages

Bulgaria

entry |1 pages

Bush, George

entry |1 pages

Bush, George W.

entry |1 pages

Byzantium

part 123C|28 pages

entry |1 pages

Cairo

entry |1 pages

Cairo Agreement

entry |1 pages

Cairo Agreement on the Gaza Strip and Jericho

entry |1 pages

Caliph

entry |1 pages

Caliphate

entry |1 pages

Camp David

entry |2 pages

Camp David Accords/Camp David Agreement

entry |1 pages

Cannabis

entry |1 pages

CARE International

entry |1 pages

Carter, Jimmy

entry |1 pages

Casablanca

entry |1 pages

Caspian Sea

entry |1 pages

Catholics, Armenian

entry |1 pages

Catholics, Assyrian

entry |1 pages

Catholics, Greek

entry |1 pages

Catholics, Maronite

entry |1 pages

Catholics, Orthodox

entry |1 pages

Catholics, Roman

entry |1 pages

Catholics, Syrian

entry |1 pages

CENTO

entry |1 pages

Central Asia

entry |1 pages

Central Intelligence Agency

entry |1 pages

Centre Party

entry |1 pages

CGEM—Confédération Générale des Entreprises du Maroc

entry |2 pages

Chadli, Benjedid

entry |1 pages

Chador

entry |2 pages

Chalabi, Ahmad

entry |1 pages

Chaldean Catholic Church

entry |1 pages

Chamoun, Camille Nimr

entry |2 pages

Chechnya

entry |1 pages

Checkpoint

entry |1 pages

Chehab, Fuad

entry |1 pages

Chekad-e Azadandishan

entry |2 pages

Christian calendar

entry |1 pages

Christian fundamentalism

entry |1 pages

Christian militia ‘state-shell'

entry |2 pages

Christians/Christianity

entry |1 pages

Churchill Memorandum

entry |1 pages

Circassians

entry |1 pages

Citi Islamic Investment Bank

entry |1 pages

Citizens' Rights Movement (CRM)

entry |1 pages

Civil war (Lebanon)

entry |1 pages

Civilizations, clash of

entry |1 pages

Clinton, Bill

entry |1 pages

Coalition (in Iraq)

entry |2 pages

Coalition Provisional Authority (CPA, Iraq)

entry |1 pages

Collapsed states

entry |2 pages

Colonialism

entry |1 pages

Colons

entry |1 pages

Committee on Palestine Rights

entry |1 pages

Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS)

entry |1 pages

Communist Party (Algeria)

entry |1 pages

Communist Party/Movement (Egypt)

entry |1 pages

Communist Party of Iran

entry |1 pages

Communist Party of Iraq

entry |1 pages

Communist Party of Jordan

entry |1 pages

Communist Party of Lebanon

entry |1 pages

Communist Party (Morocco)

entry |1 pages

Communist Party (Palestine)

entry |1 pages

Communist Party (Syria)

entry |1 pages

Confessionalism

entry |1 pages

Congrès national algérien

entry |1 pages

Congrès national ittihadi (CNI)

entry |1 pages

Constantinople

entry |1 pages

Constantinople Agreement

entry |1 pages

Constitutional Group

entry |1 pages

Constitutional Monarchy Movement

entry |1 pages

Constitutional Revolution (Iran)

entry |2 pages

Containment

entry |1 pages

Control Risks

entry |1 pages

Convention on the Elimination of All Discrimination Against Women (CEDAW)

entry |1 pages

Co-operation Council for the Arab States of the Gulf

entry |1 pages

Coptic Church and Copts

entry |1 pages

Corruption

entry |1 pages

Cost of Living

entry |1 pages

Council for Peace and Security

entry |1 pages

Council of Arab Co-operation

entry |1 pages

Council of Arab Economic Unity

entry |1 pages

Council of Experts (Iran)

entry |1 pages

Council of Guardians (Iran)

entry |1 pages

Courage to Refuse

entry |1 pages

Croatian Pipeline

entry |1 pages

Curiel, Henri

entry |2 pages

Cyprus, Turkish Republic of Northern

entry |1 pages

Cyprus, economy

part 151D|16 pages

entry |1 pages

Ad-Da'awa al-Islamiyya

entry |2 pages

Ould Daddah, Mokhtar

entry |1 pages

Dallah al-Baraka Bank (DAB)

entry |1 pages

Damascus

entry |1 pages

Dar al-Islam

entry |1 pages

Dar al-Mal al-Islami (DMI)

entry |1 pages

Ad-Dawr

entry |1 pages

Dayan, Moshe

entry |2 pages

Debt

entry |1 pages

Debt relief (Egypt)

entry |1 pages

Debt relief (Iraq)

entry |1 pages

Declaration of Independence (Palestine)

entry |1 pages

Declaration of Principles on Palestinian Self-Rule

entry |1 pages

Declaration on the Middle East

entry |1 pages

Defence spending

entry |2 pages

Deforestation

entry |1 pages

Degel Ha Torah

entry |1 pages

Demirel, Süleyman

entry |1 pages

Democracy

entry |1 pages

Democratic Arab Party (DAP)

entry |1 pages

Democratic Party (DP)

entry |1 pages

Democratic Front (Algeria)

entry |1 pages

Democratic Front (Kuwait)

entry |1 pages

Democratic Front for the Liberation of Palestine (DFLP)

entry |1 pages

Democratic Front for Peace and Equality

entry |1 pages

Democratic Gathering

entry |1 pages

Democratic Movement

entry |1 pages

Democratic National Rally (RND)

entry |1 pages

Democratic Party of Iranian Kurdistan

entry |1 pages

Democratic Party of the Iranian People

entry |1 pages

Democratic Party of Kurdistan

entry |1 pages

Democratic People's Party

entry |1 pages

Democratic Progressive Forum (DPF)

entry |1 pages

Democratic Unionist Party

entry |1 pages

Demographic structure

entry |1 pages

Denktash, Rauf

entry |1 pages

Desert Shield

entry |1 pages

Desert Storm

entry |1 pages

Destour Party

entry |1 pages

Devrimci Sol

entry |1 pages

DFLP

entry |1 pages

Direct Path (also known as Righteous Path)

entry |1 pages

Doha

entry |1 pages

Dome of the Rock

entry |1 pages

Dostum, Abdul Rashid

entry |1 pages

DPK

entry |1 pages

Drugs

entry |2 pages

Druze

entry |1 pages

Dubai

entry |2 pages

Dubai International Financial Centre (DIFC)

entry |1 pages

Durrani

part 167E|16 pages

entry |1 pages

East Bank (of the Jordan river)

entry |1 pages

East Jerusalem

entry |1 pages

Eastern Turkestan

entry |1 pages

Eastern Turkestan National Freedom Centre

entry |1 pages

Eban, Abba

entry |2 pages

Ecevit, Bülent

entry |1 pages

Economic Commission for Africa

entry |1 pages

Economic Co-operation Organization (ECO)

entry |1 pages

Economic and Social Commission for Western Asia (ESCWA)

entry |1 pages

Education

entry |3 pages

Egypt, Arab Republic of

entry |1 pages

Egypt, economy

entry |1 pages

Egyptian Arab Socialist Party

entry |1 pages

Egyptian-Israeli Peace Treaty

entry |1 pages

Ein Saheb

entry |2 pages

Einstein, Albert

entry |1 pages

Eisenhower Doctrine

entry |1 pages

El Al

entry |1 pages

El Al hijacking

entry |1 pages

Emir (or Amir)

entry |1 pages

Energy

entry |1 pages

Erbakan, Necmettin

entry |1 pages

Erbil

entry |1 pages

Erdoğ

entry |1 pages

Erekat, Saeb

entry |1 pages

Eretz Israel

entry |1 pages

ESCWA

entry |1 pages

Esfahan

entry |1 pages

Eshkol, Levi

entry |1 pages

Ethnic groups and ethnicity

entry |1 pages

Euphrates

entry |1 pages

Euro-Arab Dialogue

entry |1 pages

Euro-Mediterranean Economic Area (EMEA)

entry |2 pages

Euro-Mediterranean Partnership (EMP)

entry |1 pages

Eu

entry |1 pages

European Union (EU)

entry |1 pages

EU-Mauritania

entry |1 pages

EU-Yemen

entry |1 pages

Evren, Col Kenan

entry |1 pages

Exxon-Mobil

part 183F|26 pages

entry |1 pages

Fadhlallah, Ayatollah Sayyid Muhammad Husayn

entry |1 pages

Al-Fadl, Ahmed

entry |1 pages

Fahd ibn Abdul Aziz

entry |2 pages

Fahd Plan

entry |1 pages

Fahim, Mohammed

entry |1 pages

Failed states

entry |1 pages

Faisal, ibn Abdul Aziz as-Saud

entry |1 pages

Faisal I, King (ibn Hussein al-Hashem) (1885–1933)

entry |1 pages

Faisal II, King (ibn Ghazi ibn Faisal al-Hashem) (1935–58)

entry |1 pages

Faisal Islamic Bank

entry |1 pages

Faithful Resistance

entry |1 pages

Falluja

entry |1 pages

Fanon, Frantz

entry |1 pages

Fao

entry |1 pages

Farouk

entry |1 pages

Fars (Province of Iran)

entry |1 pages

Farsi

entry |1 pages

Al-Fassi, Allal

entry |2 pages

Al-Fatah (also known as Al-'Asifa—Palestinian National Liberation Movement)

entry |1 pages

Al-Fatah Revolutionary Council (FRC)

entry |2 pages

Fatwa

entry |1 pages

Fedaiyan-e-Islam

entry |2 pages

Fedayan—Organization of the Guerrilla Devotees of the Iranian People

entry |1 pages

Fedayeen

entry |1 pages

Fedayeen Saddam

entry |1 pages

Fedayin-e Khalq

entry |1 pages

Federation of Egyptian Industries (FEI)

entry |2 pages

Federation of South Arabia

entry |1 pages

Fergana Valley

entry |1 pages

Fertility rates

entry |1 pages

Fez Plan

entry |1 pages

Fighting Islamic Group (FIG)

entry |1 pages

Fiqh

entry |1 pages

First Islamic Bank

entry |4 pages

FIS—Front islamique du salut

entry |1 pages

Fisheries

entry |1 pages

Fitna

entry |1 pages

Five Pillars of Islam

entry |1 pages

Fiver Shi‘ites

entry |2 pages

Front de libération nationale (FLN)

entry |1 pages

Force 17

entry |1 pages

Forward (Morocco)

entry |2 pages

FLAM (African Liberation Forces of Mauritania)

entry |1 pages

For a Free Eastern Turkestan

entry |1 pages

Fraksion-e Hezbollah

entry |1 pages

Franco-Syrian Treaty of 1936

entry |1 pages

Franjieh clan.

entry |1 pages

Franjieh (Franjiyya), Suleiman

entry |1 pages

Free Centre Party

entry |1 pages

Free Iraq forces

entry |1 pages

Free Man—El Hor (Mauritania)

entry |1 pages

Free Officers' Movement (Egypt)

entry |2 pages

Free Officers' Movement (Iraq)

entry |1 pages

Freethinkers' Front

entry |1 pages

French policy in the Middle East

entry |1 pages

French Protectorate of Morocco

entry |1 pages

Frente Popular para la Liberación de Saguia el-Hamra y Río de Oro

entry |1 pages

Front des forces démocratiques

entry |1 pages

Front des forces socialistes

entry |1 pages

Front for the Defence of Constitutional Institutions (FDIC)

entry |1 pages

Front for the Liberation of Occupied South Yemen (FLOSY)

entry |1 pages

Fuad, King

entry |1 pages

Fundamentalism

entry |1 pages

Fursan Salah ad-Din

part 209G|21 pages

entry |1 pages

Gaddafy

entry |1 pages

Gafta

entry |1 pages

Gahal

entry |2 pages

Galilee

entry |1 pages

Al-Gama'a al-Islamiyya

entry |1 pages

Gap

entry |1 pages

Garner, Gen. Jay

entry |1 pages

Gas

entry |1 pages

Gaza

entry |2 pages

Gaza Strip

entry |2 pages

Gaza Strip, economy

entry |1 pages

Gcc

entry |1 pages

Gemayel, Amin

entry |2 pages

Gemayel, Bashir

entry |1 pages

Gemayel, Pierre

entry |1 pages

General People's Congress (Yemen)

entry |1 pages

General Security Service (GSS)

entry |1 pages

Geneva Accord

entry |1 pages

Gesher

entry |1 pages

Ghaith, Sulaiman Abu

entry |1 pages

Ghanim, Shukri Muhammad

entry |1 pages

Ghashmi, Ahmad Hussein

entry |1 pages

Abu Ghraib

entry |1 pages

Gibraltar Straits

entry |2 pages

GIA—Groupe islamique armé

entry |1 pages

Giza

entry |1 pages

Global Risk Strategies (GRS)

entry |1 pages

Globalization

entry |1 pages

Glubb, (Pasha) Sir John Bagot

entry |1 pages

Golan Heights

entry |1 pages

Gold

entry |1 pages

Governing Council (Iraq)

entry |2 pages

Gnosticism

entry |1 pages

Gorbachev, Mikhail

entry |1 pages

Great Eastern Islamic Raiders' Front

entry |1 pages

Great Game

entry |1 pages

Greater Syria

entry |1 pages

Greek Cypriotic Republic of Cyprus

entry |1 pages

Green Book

entry |1 pages

Green Leaf Party

entry |1 pages

Green march

entry |1 pages

Green Party

entry |1 pages

Green Party

entry |1 pages

Groupe islamique armé

entry |1 pages

Groupe islamique des combatants marocains (GICM)

entry |2 pages

GSPC—Groupe salafiste pour la prédication et le combat

entry |1 pages

Gulf (Persian/Arabian)

entry |1 pages

Gulf Co-operation Council (GCC)

entry |1 pages

Gulf crisis

entry |1 pages

Gulf International Bank

entry |1 pages

Gulf Investment Corporation

entry |1 pages

Gulf Rapid Deployment Force

entry |1 pages

Gulf states

entry |2 pages

Gulf War (1991)

entry |2 pages

Gulf War (2003)

entry |1 pages

Gulf Wars

entry |1 pages

Guneydocu Anadolu Projesi (GAP)

entry |1 pages

Gürsel, Gen. Cemal

entry |1 pages

Gush Emunim

part 230H|40 pages

entry |1 pages

Ha'aretz

entry |1 pages

Habash, George

entry |1 pages

Habibi, Hassan

entry |2 pages

Hadash

entry |1 pages

Haddad, Wadi

entry |1 pages

Hadith

entry |1 pages

Al-Hafiz, Amin

entry |1 pages

Haganah

entry |1 pages

Haichud Haleumi

entry |1 pages

Ould Haidalla, Lt-Col Khouna

entry |1 pages

Haifa

entry |1 pages

Al-Hairiu, Kazim al-Husseini

entry |1 pages

Hajj/Hagg

entry |1 pages

Al-Hakim, Abd al-Aziz

entry |2 pages

Al-Hakim, Ayatollah Muhammad Baqir

entry |1 pages

Al-Hakim, Ayatollah Mohammed Saeed

entry |1 pages

Al-Hakim, Muhsin

entry |1 pages

Halabja

entry |1 pages

Halliburton

entry |1 pages

Hamah

entry |1 pages

Hamah revolts

entry |2 pages

Hamas (Algeria)

entry |2 pages

Hamas—Harakat al-Muqawama al-Islamiyya

entry |2 pages

Hamas—Harakat al-Muqawama al-Islamiyya

entry |1 pages

Hamdi, Ibrahim

entry |1 pages

Hamrouche, Mouloud (1943–)

entry |1 pages

Hanafi Code

entry |1 pages

Hanbali Code

entry |1 pages

Haolam Hazeh

entry |1 pages

Har Homa

entry |2 pages

Harakat Amal

entry |1 pages

Harakat e Enqelab e Islami

entry |1 pages

Al-Haraka li-Mujtama' Islami

entry |1 pages

Harakat al-Muqawama al-Islamiyya

entry |1 pages

Harakat at-Tawhid (Lebanon)

entry |1 pages

Haramain sharifain

entry |1 pages

Al-Hariri, Rafiq

entry |1 pages

Hashemites/al-Hashem/Banu Hashem

entry |1 pages

Hashomer

entry |1 pages

Hassan, Crown Prince (of Jordan)

entry |2 pages

Hassan II (Moulay Hassan Muhammadi ibn Yussuf)

entry |1 pages

Hassidism

entry |2 pages

Hawala

entry |1 pages

Al-Hawali, Safar

entry |1 pages

Hawatmah, Nayef

entry |1 pages

Hazaras

entry |2 pages

Headscarf

entry |1 pages

Health

entry |1 pages

Hebrew

entry |1 pages

Hebron

entry |1 pages

Hejab

entry |1 pages

Hejaz

entry |1 pages

Hekmatyar, Gulbuddin

entry |1 pages

Herat

entry |1 pages

Hergirtin Party

entry |1 pages

Heroin

entry |2 pages

Herut

entry |1 pages

Herzl, Theodor

entry |1 pages

Hevgertina Gel

entry |1 pages

Hey'at Peygiri-ye Qanun Asasi va Nezarat Bar An

entry |1 pages

Hezb-e E'tedal va Towse'eh

entry |1 pages

Hezb-e Hambastegi-ye Iran-e Islami

entry |1 pages

Hezb-e Islami

entry |1 pages

Hezb-e Jomhuri ye Eslam (Iran)

entry |1 pages

Hezb-e Kargozaran-e Sazandegi

entry |1 pages

Hezb ash-Sha'ab

entry |1 pages

Hezbollah (Iran)

entry |2 pages

Hezbollah (Lebanon)

entry |2 pages

Hezbollah (Turkey)

entry |1 pages

Higher Economic Council (HEC—Saudi Arabia)

entry |2 pages

Hijacking

entry |1 pages

Hijaz

entry |1 pages

Hijra

entry |1 pages

Hilu, Charles

entry |1 pages

Hisb-i Wahdat

entry |1 pages

Histadrut

entry |1 pages

Hiv/Aids

entry |1 pages

Hizb ad-Da'awa al-Islamiyya (Da'awa Party)

entry |1 pages

Hizb al-Haq

entry |1 pages

Hizb-i Islami

entry |1 pages

Hizb-i Islami Gulbuddin

entry |1 pages

Hizb-i-Wahdat

entry |1 pages

Hizb al-Watan

entry |1 pages

Hizb al-Wifaq al-Qawmi

entry |1 pages

Hizb ut-Tahrir (HT)

entry |1 pages

Hnwis

entry |1 pages

Holy Land

entry |1 pages

The Holy Land Foundation for Relief and Development (HLF)

entry |1 pages

Home of East Turkestan Youth

entry |1 pages

Homeland Security Advisory System

entry |1 pages

House of Saud

entry |2 pages

Hrawi, Elias (1930–)

entry |1 pages

HSBC Amanah Finance Company

entry |1 pages

Human Development Index (HDI)

entry |2 pages

Human Development Report

entry |1 pages

Human Poverty Index

entry |1 pages

Huntington, Samuel P.

entry |2 pages

Husayn Suicide Squads

entry |4 pages

Hussain, Saddam

entry |1 pages

Hussain, Qusay Saddam

entry |1 pages

Hussain, Uday Saddam

entry |3 pages

Hussein I (Hussaynu ibn Talali Hashim)

part 270I|69 pages

entry |1 pages

Iaea

entry |1 pages

Ibadis

entry |1 pages

Ibadism

entry |1 pages

Ibdca-C

entry |1 pages

Ibn Saud

entry |1 pages

Ibrahim, Izzat

entry |1 pages

Idf

entry |1 pages

Idris I, Said Mohammad

entry |1 pages

Ifad

entry |1 pages

Ifis

entry |1 pages

Ig

entry |1 pages

Igc

entry |1 pages

Ijma

entry |1 pages

Ijtihad

entry |1 pages

Ikhwan

entry |2 pages

Ikhwan

entry |1 pages

Al-Ikhwan al-Muslimin

entry |1 pages

Ilal Amam

entry |1 pages

Imam

entry |1 pages

Imperialism

entry |1 pages

Imu

entry |1 pages

Ina

entry |1 pages

Inc

entry |1 pages

Income

entry |2 pages

Independent Liberal Party (ILP)

entry |1 pages

Independent Nasserite Movement

entry |1 pages

Industry and industrial output

entry |1 pages

Infitah

entry |2 pages

Informal money transfer systems (IMTS)

entry |1 pages

Information technology

entry |1 pages

Inonu, Ismet

entry |1 pages

Intégrisme

entry |1 pages

Inter-Arab Investment Guarantee Corpn

entry |1 pages

Inter-Services Intelligence (ISI)

entry |1 pages

International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA)

entry |1 pages

International Centre for Agricultural Research in the Dry Areas (ICARDA)

entry |1 pages

International Conference on Population and Development (ICPD)

entry |2 pages

International financial institutions

entry |1 pages

International Food Policy Research Institute (IFPRI)

entry |1 pages

International Fund for Agricultural Development (IFAD)

entry |1 pages

International Islamic Front

entry |1 pages

International Labour Organization (ILO)

entry |1 pages

International Monetary Fund (IMF)

entry |1 pages

International Security Assistance Force (ISAF)

entry |1 pages

International Solidarity Movement (ISM)

entry |2 pages

International terrorism

entry |3 pages

Intifada

entry |1 pages

Intifada, al-Aqsa

entry |2 pages

Invasion of Kuwait

entry |3 pages

Iran, Islamic Republic of

entry |2 pages

Iran, economy

entry |1 pages

Iran-Contra affair

entry |1 pages

Iran hostage crisis

entry |1 pages

Iran-e Novin

entry |2 pages

Iran-Iraq War

entry |1 pages

Iran-Libya Sanctions Act (ILSA)

entry |1 pages

Iran Nationalist Party

entry |1 pages

Iranian Central Bank

entry |1 pages

Iranian Liberation Front

entry |1 pages

Iranian Revolution

entry |3 pages

Iraq, Republic of

entry |2 pages

Iraq, economy

entry |1 pages

Iraq Cabinet of Ministers

entry |2 pages

Iraq—the ‘democratic transition'

entry |1 pages

Iraq—interim government

entry |1 pages

Iraq Islamic Party

entry |2 pages

Iraq Liberation Act

entry |1 pages

Iraq-Najd Neutral Zone

entry |1 pages

Iraq post-war peace-keeping

entry |2 pages

Iraq post-war reconstruction

entry |1 pages

Iraq Survey Group

entry |1 pages

Iraq War (1980–88)

entry |2 pages

Iraq War (1991)

entry |1 pages

Iraq War (2003)

entry |1 pages

Iraqi Communist Party (ICP)

entry |1 pages

Iraqi Democratic Conference

entry |2 pages

Iraqi Fund for Development

entry |1 pages

Iraqi Islamic Party

entry |1 pages

Iraqi Istiqlal (Independence) Party

entry |1 pages

Iraqi Kurdistan Front

entry |1 pages

Iraqi National Accord (INA)

entry |1 pages

Iraqi National Congress (INC)

entry |2 pages

Iraqi National Joint Action Committee

entry |1 pages

Iraqi Provisional Governing Council

entry |1 pages

Iraqi Socialist Party

entry |1 pages

Iraqi Turkmen Front

entry |1 pages

Irbil

entry |1 pages

Irgun Zvai Leumi

entry |1 pages

Al-Irshad wa'l Islah

entry |1 pages

Al-Iryani, Abdul Rahman

entry |1 pages

ISAF (Afghanistan)

entry |1 pages

Isfahan

entry |1 pages

Islah

entry |1 pages

Islah Party (Morocco)

entry |1 pages

Al-Islah Party (Yemen)

entry |1 pages

Islam

entry |1 pages

Islamic Action

entry |1 pages

Islamic Action Front

entry |1 pages

Islamic Amal

entry |1 pages

Islamic Army of Aden/Abyan (IAAA)

entry |2 pages

The Islamic Association

entry |1 pages

The Islamic Association for Palestine

entry |1 pages

Islamic Associations (Iran)

entry |1 pages

Islamic Bank for Development

entry |1 pages

Islamic banking

entry |1 pages

Islamic calendar

entry |1 pages

Islamic Constitutional Movement

entry |1 pages

Islamic Consultative Assembly (Iran)

entry |1 pages

Islamic Da'awa Movement

entry |3 pages

Islamic Da'awa Party

entry |2 pages

Islamic Development Bank (IDB)

entry |1 pages

Islamic Front

entry |1 pages

Islamic Front of the Armed Jihad (FIDA)

entry |1 pages

Islamic fundamentalism

entry |1 pages

Islamic government

entry |1 pages

Islamic Great Eastern Raiders' Front

entry |1 pages

Islamic Group

entry |1 pages

Islamic Group (IG)

entry |1 pages

Islamic Iran Participation Front

entry |1 pages

Islamic Jihad (Egypt)

entry |2 pages

Islamic Jihad (Palestine)

entry |1 pages

Islamic jurisprudence

entry |2 pages

Islamic Law (Shari‘a)

entry |1 pages

Islamic League for Call and Jihad

entry |1 pages

Islamic Martyrs' Movement

entry |2 pages

Islamic Movement

entry |1 pages

Islamic Movement of Kurdistan

entry |2 pages

Islamic Movement of Uzbekistan (IMU)

entry |1 pages

Islamic Party of Turkestan

entry |2 pages

Islamic Renaissance Party (IRP)

entry |1 pages

Islamic Republic(an) Party (IRP, Iran)

entry |1 pages

Islamic Resistance

entry |1 pages

Islamic Revolution

entry |1 pages

Islamic revolutionary komitehs

entry |1 pages

Islamic Salvation Army

entry |1 pages

Islamic Salvation Front

entry |2 pages

Islamic state

entry |1 pages

The Islamic Struggle Movement

entry |1 pages

Islamic taxation

entry |2 pages

Islamic Tendency Movement

entry |1 pages

Islamic Transitional Government of Afghanistan (ITGA)

entry |1 pages

Islamic Union

entry |2 pages

Islamic Unity (Unification) Movement

entry |1 pages

Islamism

entry |1 pages

Islamophobia

entry |1 pages

Ismail, Abdul Fattah

entry |1 pages

Ismail Khan

entry |1 pages

Ismailis

entry |3 pages

Israel, State of

entry |1 pages

Israel, economy

entry |2 pages

Israel Communist Party

entry |1 pages

Israel Labour Party

entry |1 pages

Israel-Palestine Liberation Organization 15 January 1997 Protocol

entry |1 pages

Israel-Palestine Liberation Organization 23 October 1998 Wye River Memorandum

entry |1 pages

Israeli Arabs

entry |1 pages

Israeli Defence Force

entry |1 pages

Israeli-Palestinian Interim Agreement

entry |1 pages

Israeli Palestinians

entry |2 pages

Israeli peace initiative

entry |1 pages

Israeli War of Independence

entry |1 pages

Israelis

entry |1 pages

Istanbul

entry |1 pages

Istiqlal (Morocco)

entry |1 pages

It

entry |1 pages

Italy

entry |1 pages

Itga

entry |1 pages

Izz ad-Din al-Qassam Brigades

entry |2 pages

Izzedin Salim

part 339J|22 pages

entry |1 pages

Ja'afari Code

entry |1 pages

Al-Jabha al-Islamiyya li-Inqadh

entry |1 pages

Jabha ye Nejat e Milli ye Afghanistan

entry |1 pages

Jabotinsky, Vladimir

entry |2 pages

Jadidism

entry |1 pages

Jaffa

entry |1 pages

Jaffari, Ibrahim

entry |1 pages

Jahiliyya

entry |1 pages

Jaish al-Mahdi

entry |1 pages

Al-Jama'a al-Islamiyya (Egypt)

entry |1 pages

Al-Jama'a al-Islamiyya (Iraq)

entry |1 pages

Al-Jama'a al-Islamiyya (Lebanon)

entry |2 pages

343Jamahiriya

entry |1 pages

Jamiat-i Islami (Afghanistan)

entry |1 pages

Jamiat al-Mashari' al-Khayriya al-Islamiya

entry |1 pages

Jam'iyat-e Isargaran

entry |1 pages

Jam'iyyat at-Takfir wa'l-Hijra

entry |1 pages

Jam'iyyat-e Rouhaniyate Mobarez

entry |2 pages

Janusian

entry |1 pages

Japan

entry |2 pages

Al-Jazeera

entry |1 pages

Jebbeh-ye Masharekat-e Iran-e Islami

entry |1 pages

Jenin

entry |1 pages

Jericho

entry |1 pages

Jerusalem

entry |1 pages

The Jerusalem Bill

entry |1 pages

Jew

entry |1 pages

The Jewish Agency

entry |1 pages

Jewish fundamentalism

entry |1 pages

Jewish nationalism

entry |1 pages

Al-Jibhat al-Inqath

entry |1 pages

Jibril, Ahmed

entry |1 pages

Jiddah

entry |1 pages

Jihad

entry |1 pages

Al-Jihad (Egyptian Islamic Jihad also known as Islamic Jihad, Jihad Group)

entry |6 pages

Jordan, Hashemite Kingdom of

entry |1 pages

Jordan, economy

entry |1 pages

Jordan National Alliance

entry |1 pages

Jordan People's Democratic Party

entry |1 pages

Jordan Rafah

entry |1 pages

Jordan river

entry |1 pages

Jordanian Arab New Dawn Party

entry |1 pages

Jordanian Arab Socialist Ba'ath Party

entry |1 pages

Jordanian-Israeli Peace Treaty

entry |1 pages

The Jordanian Option

entry |1 pages

Jordanian-Palestinian Accord

entry |1 pages

Jordanian Peoples' Committee Movement

entry |1 pages

Judaism

entry |1 pages

Judea and Samaria

entry |1 pages

Juhul

entry |2 pages

Jumbesh

entry |1 pages

Jund al-Imam

entry |1 pages

Jund al-Islam

entry |1 pages

June War

entry |2 pages

Justice and Development Party (AKP, Turkey)

entry |1 pages

Justice Party

part 361K|33 pages

entry |1 pages

Kabul

entry |1 pages

Kach

entry |1 pages

Kadek

entry |1 pages

Kahane, Meir

entry |1 pages

Kahane Chai

entry |1 pages

Kandahar

entry |1 pages

Karbala (Kerbala)

entry |2 pages

Karimov, Islam

entry |1 pages

Karzai, Hamid

entry |1 pages

Kassem, Abdul Karim (1914–63)

entry |1 pages

Kata'ib Party

entry |1 pages

Katibat el Ahoual (Algeria)

entry |2 pages

Kazakhs

entry |5 pages

Kazakhstan, Republic of

entry |2 pages

Kazakhstan, economy

entry |1 pages

Kdp

entry |1 pages

Kellogg, Brown & Root

entry |1 pages

Kemal, Mustafa

entry |1 pages

Keshet Demokratit Mizrahit

entry |1 pages

Kfaed

entry |1 pages

Khafji

entry |1 pages

Khalid, Sheikh Mohammed

entry |1 pages

Al-Khalifa family

entry |1 pages

Al-Khalifa, Emir Hamad ibn Isa

entry |1 pages

Al-Khalifa, Emir Isa ibn Salman

entry |1 pages

Khalkhali, Sadiq

entry |1 pages

Khamenei, Hojatoleslam Sayed Ali Hossein

entry |1 pages

Khatami, Dr Sayed Muhammad

entry |1 pages

Khider, Mohamed

entry |1 pages

Al-Khoei, Abdul Majid

entry |2 pages

Khomeini, Ruhollah Mousavi (1902–89)

entry |1 pages

Khomeinism

entry |1 pages

Al-Khuri, Bishara

entry |1 pages

Khuzistan

entry |1 pages

Al-Kifah

entry |1 pages

King-Crane Commission

entry |1 pages

Kirkuk

entry |1 pages

Knesset

entry |1 pages

Komala

entry |1 pages

Koran

entry |1 pages

Korea

entry |1 pages

Koruturk, Fahri

entry |1 pages

Krekar, Mulla

entry |1 pages

Kufr

entry |2 pages

Kurdish autonomy (Iraq)

entry |1 pages

Kurdish (Kurdistan) Democratic Party (KDP)

entry |1 pages

Kurdish Hezbollah

entry |2 pages

Kurdistan

entry |1 pages

Kurdistan Iraqi Front

entry |1 pages

Kurdistan Liberation Brigades

entry |1 pages

Kurdistan People's Democratic Party

entry |1 pages

Kurdistan Revolutionary Party

entry |1 pages

Kurdistan Toilers Party (KTP)

entry |1 pages

Kurdistan Unity Party (KUP)

entry |2 pages

Kurdistan Workers Party

entry |2 pages

Kurds

entry |1 pages

Kut

entry |3 pages

Kuwait, State of

entry |1 pages

Kuwait, economy

entry |1 pages

Kuwait Democratic Forum

entry |1 pages

Kuwait Fund for Arab Economic Development

entry |1 pages

Kuwait, invasion of

entry |1 pages

Kuwait Investment Authority (KIA)

entry |6 pages

Kyrgyzstan (Kyrgyz Republic)

entry |2 pages

Kyrgyzstan, economy

part 394L|23 pages

entry |1 pages

Labour Alignment (Israel)

entry |1 pages

Labour force

entry |1 pages

Labour-Mapam Alignment

entry |1 pages

Labour Zionism and Zionists

entry |1 pages

Lahoud, Emile

entry |1 pages

Laiklik

entry |1 pages

Land of Israel

entry |1 pages

Landmines

entry |1 pages

Lavon Affair

entry |2 pages

Lavon, Pinhas

entry |1 pages

Law of return (1950)

entry |2 pages

Lawrence, T.E.

entry |1 pages

Lawrence of Arabia

entry |1 pages

League of Arab States

entry |1 pages

League of the Followers (Lebanon)

entry |1 pages

League of the Sons of Yemen

entry |1 pages

Lebanese Broadcasting Company

entry |1 pages

Lebanese civil war (1975–76)

entry |1 pages

Lebanese Communist Party

entry |1 pages

Lebanese Democratic Movement (LDM)

entry |1 pages

Lebanese Force

entry |1 pages

Lebanese Islamic Resistance Front (LIRF)

entry |2 pages

Lebanese National Movement (LNM)

entry |1 pages

Lebanese Popular Congress

entry |2 pages

Lebanon, Republic of

entry |1 pages

Lebanon, economy

entry |1 pages

Lebanon hostage crisis

entry |1 pages

Lebanon War (1982)

entry |1 pages

Lechi

entry |1 pages

Lesser Tunb Island

entry |1 pages

Levant

entry |1 pages

Lewis, Bernard

entry |1 pages

Liberal Party

entry |1 pages

Liberal Party

entry |1 pages

Liberal Socialist Party (LSP)

entry |1 pages

Liberation Movement of Iran

entry |1 pages

Liberation Rally

entry |1 pages

Liberation theology

entry |2 pages

Libya (Great Socialist People's Libyan Arab Jamahiriyah)

entry |2 pages

Libya, economy

entry |1 pages

Libyan Ba'athist Party

entry |1 pages

Libyan Change and Reform Movement

entry |1 pages

Libyan Conservatives Party

entry |1 pages

Libyan Constitutional Grouping

entry |1 pages

Libyan Democratic Authority

entry |1 pages

Libyan Democratic Conference

entry |1 pages

Libyan Democratic Movement

entry |2 pages

Libyan Islamic Fighting Group

entry |1 pages

Libyan Movement for Change and Reform

entry |1 pages

Libyan National Alliance

entry |1 pages

Libyan National Democratic Rally

entry |2 pages

Likud

entry |1 pages

Literacy

entry |1 pages

Lmrabet, Ali

entry |1 pages

Lockerbie

entry |1 pages

Ould Louly, Lt-Col Mohammed Mahmoud

entry |1 pages

Loya Jirga (Afghanistan)

entry |2 pages

Loya Jirga (December 2003)

entry |1 pages

Luristan

entry |1 pages

Lurs

part 417M|59 pages

entry |1 pages

Maarach

entry |1 pages

MABOT—Mina al-Bakr Oil Terminal

entry |2 pages

McMahon, Sir Henry

entry |1 pages

McMahon Correspondence

entry |2 pages

Madani, Abbasi

entry |1 pages

Madrasas

entry |1 pages

Madrid Peace Conference

entry |1 pages

Madrid process

entry |1 pages

Mafdal

entry |1 pages

Mafta

entry |1 pages

Maghreb

entry |1 pages

Mahdi

entry |1 pages

Mahdi's Army

entry |1 pages

Mahmoud, Abed Hamid

entry |1 pages

Al-Majid, Ali Hassan

entry |1 pages

Majlis

entry |1 pages

Majlis ad-Dawlah

entry |1 pages

Majlis-e Khobregan

entry |1 pages

Majlis ash-Shura (Jordan, Algeria, Saudi Arabia)

entry |2 pages

Majlis-e-Shora-ye Eslami

entry |1 pages

Al-Majlis al'Ala li'l-Thawra al-Islamiyya fi'l-Iraq

entry |1 pages

Majma'-e Niruha-ye Khat-e Imam

entry |1 pages

Mak

entry |1 pages

Maki

entry |1 pages

Makkawi, Mohamed (also known as Said al-Adel)

entry |1 pages

Maktab al-Khidmat lil Mujahiddin al-Arab

entry |1 pages

al-Maktum, Sheikh Maktum ibn Rashid

entry |1 pages

Maliki Code

entry |1 pages

Man

entry |1 pages

Manama

entry |1 pages

Mandate for Palestine

entry |1 pages

Mapai—Mifleget Poalei Yisrael

entry |1 pages

Mapam—Mifleget HaPoalim HaMeuhedet

entry |1 pages

Maraboutism

entry |1 pages

March 23 (23 Mars)

entry |2 pages

Mardom

entry |1 pages

Maronite Catholic Church

entry |1 pages

Maronites

entry |1 pages

Marrakesh

entry |2 pages

Marsh Arabs (Iraq)

entry |1 pages

Martyrdom

entry |1 pages

Marxism

entry |1 pages

Marxist Leninist Communist Party (MLCP)

entry |1 pages

Masada

entry |1 pages

Mashad

entry |1 pages

Mashreq

entry |1 pages

Masoud, Ahmed Shah

entry |1 pages

Maududi, Maulana

entry |5 pages

Mauritania, Islamic Republic of

entry |1 pages

Mauritania, economy

entry |2 pages

May 15 Organization

entry |1 pages

Mazar-i-Sharif

entry |1 pages

Mazen, Abu

entry |1 pages

Mda

entry |1 pages

Mecca (Makkah)

entry |1 pages

Medina

entry |2 pages

Mediterranean

entry |1 pages

Mediterranean Free Trade Area

entry |1 pages

Mefta

entry |1 pages

Meimad

entry |1 pages

Meir (Meyerson), Golda

entry |1 pages

Mellioun

entry |1 pages

Mena

entry |1 pages

Mercenaries

entry |1 pages

Meretz

entry |1 pages

Mernissi, Fatima

entry |1 pages

Meshed

entry |1 pages

Mesopotamia

entry |2 pages

MGK (National Security Council, Turkey)

entry |1 pages

Middle East

entry |1 pages

Middle East Airlines

entry |2 pages

Middle East Free Trade Area (US)

entry |1 pages

Middle East and North Africa

entry |1 pages

Middle East Partnership Initiative (MEPI)

entry |1 pages

Middle East Peace Conference

entry |1 pages

Migration

entry |1 pages

Milestones

entry |1 pages

Militarism

entry |1 pages

Military

entry |1 pages

Military Committee for National Salvation

entry |1 pages

Military expenditure

entry |1 pages

Mineral(s) and mineral production

entry |1 pages

Minority/minorities (religious, ethnic, linguistic)

entry |2 pages

Minurso

entry |1 pages

MIRA—Movement for Islamic Reform in Arabia

entry |1 pages

Mirror of the Jihad

entry |1 pages

Misr el-Fatah

entry |1 pages

Mizrachi

entry |1 pages

Mizrahi

entry |1 pages

Mizrahi Democratic Rainbow

entry |1 pages

Mizrahim

entry |1 pages

Moderation and Development Party

entry |1 pages

Mohammed V, King (Sultan)

entry |1 pages

Mohammed VI, King

entry |1 pages

Moked

entry |1 pages

Moledet

entry |1 pages

Monarchy/monarchies

entry |2 pages

Money-laundering

entry |1 pages

Morasha

entry |2 pages

Moroccan Communist Party (MCP)

entry |2 pages

Moroccan Islamic Combatant Group (GICM)

entry |4 pages

Morocco, Kingdom of

entry |2 pages

Morocco, economy

entry |1 pages

Mossad

entry |1 pages

Mossadegh, Muhammad

entry |1 pages

Mosul

entry |1 pages

el Motassadeq, Mounir

entry |1 pages

Motherland Party (MP)

entry |1 pages

Moulsabbat, Abdelhaq

entry |1 pages

Mount Lebanon

entry |1 pages

Mousavi, Mir Hossein

entry |1 pages

Moussaoui, Zacharias

entry |1 pages

Mouvement algérien pour la justice et le développement (MAJD)

entry |1 pages

Mouvement pour la démocratie en Algérie

entry |1 pages

Mouvement pour la démocratie et la citoyenneté

entry |1 pages

Mouvement démocratique et social

entry |1 pages

Mouvement démocratique et sociale

entry |1 pages

Mouvement pour la liberté

entry |1 pages

Mouvement de la Nahda islamique

entry |1 pages

Mouvement national populaire

entry |2 pages

Mouvement populaire (MP)

entry |1 pages

Mouvement populaire pour la démocratie

entry |1 pages

Mouvement de la réforme nationale

entry |2 pages

Mouvement de la renaissance islamique (MRI)—Harakat an-Nahda al-Islamiyya

entry |1 pages

Mouvement de la société pour la paix (MSP)—Harakat Moudjtamaa as-Silm, formerly HAMAS

entry |1 pages

Mouvement de la tendance islamique (MTI)

entry |1 pages

Movement for the Advancement of the Zionist Idea

entry |1 pages

Movement of Arab Nationalists (MAN)

entry |1 pages

Movement for the Deprived

entry |1 pages

Movement for Fidelity and Justice

entry |1 pages

Movement for Guidance and Reform

entry |1 pages

Movement for Islamic Reform in Arabia

entry |1 pages

Movement for an Islamic Society—al-Haraka li-Mujtama' Islam/ Harakat al-Muqawama al-Islamiyya

entry |1 pages

Movement of Patriotic Libyans

entry |1 pages

Movement for the Struggle of the Jordanian Islamic Resistance

entry |1 pages

Mu'alla, Sheikh Rashid ibn Ahmad

entry |1 pages

Mubarak, Hosni Muhammad Said (1928–)

entry |1 pages

Al-Muhajiroun

entry |1 pages

Muhammad, the Prophet

entry |1 pages

Muhammad, Ali Nasser

entry |1 pages

Mujahidin

entry |2 pages

Mujahidin (Iran)

entry |2 pages

Mujahidin-e Khalq Organization (MEK or MKO)

entry |1 pages

Mujtahid

entry |1 pages

Mujtama ar-Risali

entry |1 pages

Mukhabarat

entry |1 pages

Al-Muqawma al-Mu'mina

entry |1 pages

Murabitun

entry |1 pages

Murabitun

entry |1 pages

Musandam Peninsula

entry |1 pages

Al-Musawi, ‘Abbas (1952–92)

entry |1 pages

Muslim Arab Youth Association

entry |1 pages

The Muslim Brotherhood

entry |2 pages

The Muslim Brotherhood (Egypt)

entry |2 pages

The Muslim Brotherhood (Jordan)

entry |1 pages

The Muslim Brotherhood (Lebanon)

entry |1 pages

The Muslim Brotherhood (Mauritania)

entry |1 pages

The Muslim Brotherhood (Syria)

entry |1 pages

Muslim Centrist Party

entry |1 pages

Muslims

entry |1 pages

Mussadegh, Muhammad

entry |1 pages

Mustapha Kemal

entry |1 pages

Al-Mustaqbal

entry |1 pages

Mutawa

part 476N|28 pages

entry |1 pages

Nablus

entry |1 pages

An-Nahayan, Sheikh Zayed ibn Sultan

entry |1 pages

An-Nahda (Renaissance) Movement

entry |1 pages

An-Nahda (Renaissance) Party

entry |1 pages

Najaf

entry |1 pages

Najd

entry |1 pages

An-Najjade

entry |1 pages

An-Nakhba

entry |1 pages

Namangiani, Juma

entry |1 pages

Nasrallah, Sayyed Hassan

entry |1 pages

Nasser, Gamal Abdel

entry |1 pages

Nasserism

entry |1 pages

Nasserist Corrective Party

entry |1 pages

Nasserist Party

entry |1 pages

Nasserite Popular Organization

entry |1 pages

National Action Party

entry |1 pages

National Bloc (Syria)

entry |1 pages

National Charter (Iraqi National Accord, INA)

entry |2 pages

National Charter (Jordan)

entry |1 pages

National Charter (Yemen)

entry |1 pages

National Commercial Bank

entry |1 pages

National Congress for Popular Forces

entry |1 pages

National Constitution Party

entry |1 pages

National Consultative Assembly

entry |1 pages

National Council of Resistance (NCR)

entry |1 pages

National Council of Revolutionary Command (NCRC—Iraq)

entry |1 pages

National Democratic Alliance

entry |1 pages

National Democratic Front

entry |1 pages

National Democratic Front

entry |2 pages

National Democratic Party (NDP)

entry |1 pages

National Democratic Rally

entry |1 pages

National Entente Movement

entry |2 pages

National Front (Iran)

entry |1 pages

National Front for the Opposition

entry |1 pages

National Front for the Salvation of Libya (NFSL)

entry |2 pages

National Guard (Saudi Arabia)

entry |1 pages

National Homeland Security, Department of

entry |1 pages

National Iranian Resistance Movement

entry |1 pages

National Islamic Coalition

entry |1 pages

National Islamic Front of Afghanistan

entry |1 pages

National Lebanese Front

entry |1 pages

National Liberal Party (PNL)

entry |2 pages

National Liberation Front (Yemen)

entry |1 pages

National Order Party (NOP)

entry |2 pages

National Pact (Lebanon)

entry |1 pages

National Pact (Tunisia)

entry |1 pages

National Progressive Front (Iraq)

entry |1 pages

National Progressive Unionist Group or National Union

entry |1 pages

National Reform Movement

entry |1 pages

National Renewal Party

entry |1 pages

National Religious Party (NRP—Israel)

entry |1 pages

National Resistance Council (Iran)

entry |2 pages

National Salvation Party (NSP—Turkey)

entry |1 pages

National socialism

entry |1 pages

National Union of Algerian Students

entry |1 pages

National Union Movement

entry |1 pages

National Union Party

entry |1 pages

National Unity

entry |1 pages

National Unity Committee (NUC)

entry |1 pages

National Unity Front

entry |1 pages

Nationalism, Arab

entry |1 pages

Nationalist Front

entry |1 pages

Nationalist Labour Party

entry |1 pages

Natural gas

entry |1 pages

Nazarbayev, Nursultan (1940–)

entry |1 pages

Nazareth

entry |1 pages

Near East

entry |1 pages

Neguib, Muhammad (1901–84)

entry |1 pages

Nehzat-e Azadi-ye Iran

entry |1 pages

Neo-colonialism

entry |1 pages

Neo-Destour Party (Tunisia)

entry |1 pages

Netanyahu, Binyamin

entry |1 pages

Neve Shalom

entry |1 pages

New Generation Party

entry |1 pages

New Great Game

entry |2 pages

New Liberal Party

entry |1 pages

New Wafd Party

entry |1 pages

Nile river

entry |1 pages

9/11 Commission

entry |1 pages

Niyazov, Saparmyrat (1940–)

entry |1 pages

Non-aligned Movement (NAM)

entry |1 pages

Northern Alliance (Afghanistan)

entry |1 pages

Northern Tier

entry |1 pages

North Yemen

entry |1 pages

North Yemen civil war

entry |1 pages

Nouakchott

entry |1 pages

Nuri, Abdullah

entry |2 pages

Nusayri/Nusayriyyah

part 504O|19 pages

entry |1 pages

Oapec

entry |1 pages

Öcalan, Abdullah

entry |2 pages

Occupied Territories

entry |1 pages

October War

entry |1 pages

office of the Iraq Programme

entry |1 pages

office of Services

entry |1 pages

Oic

entry |1 pages

Oil

entry |1 pages

Oil exploration (Western Sahara)

entry |1 pages

Oil for Food

entry |1 pages

Oil prices

entry |2 pages

Oil production and reserves

entry |2 pages

Oman, Sultanate of

entry |2 pages

Oman, economy

entry |1 pages

Omar, Mullah Mohammad

entry |1 pages

Ometz

entry |1 pages

Omnium Nord Africain (ONA)

entry |1 pages

One Israel

entry |1 pages

One People (Nation)

entry |1 pages

Opec

entry |2 pages

OPEC Development Fund

entry |1 pages

Operation Avalanche

entry |1 pages

Operation Defensive Shield

entry |2 pages

Operation Desert Fox

entry |1 pages

Operation Desert Shield

entry |1 pages

Operation Desert Storm

entry |2 pages

Operation Determined Path

entry |1 pages

Operation Enduring Freedom

entry |1 pages

Operation Grapes of Wrath

entry |1 pages

Operation Iraqi (Enduring) Freedom

entry |1 pages

Operation Peace for Galilee

entry |2 pages

Operation Rainbow

entry |1 pages

Operation Rockingham

entry |1 pages

Opium

entry |2 pages

Oppressed of the Earth Organization

entry |1 pages

Organization for Combating Tyrants in Algeria

entry |1 pages

Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD)

entry |1 pages

Organization of Arab Petroleum Exporting Countries (OAPEC)

entry |1 pages

Organization of Democratic and Popular Action

entry |1 pages

Organization of Iranian People's Fedayeen (Majority)—OIPFM

entry |1 pages

Organization of Islamic Action (Munazzamat al-Amal al-Islami)

entry |1 pages

Organization of the Islamic Conference (OIC)

entry |1 pages

Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC)

entry |1 pages

Oriental Jews

entry |2 pages

Orientalism

entry |1 pages

Oslo Agreements

entry |1 pages

Othman, Abdul Zahra

entry |2 pages

Ottoman Empire

entry |1 pages

Oufkir, Mohammed

entry |1 pages

Oujda clan

entry |2 pages

Özal, Turgut

part 523P|36 pages

entry |1 pages

Pachachi, Adnan

entry |2 pages

Pahlavi, Mohammed Reza Shah (1919–80)

entry |1 pages

Pakhtun

entry |1 pages

Pakhtunistan

entry |3 pages

Palestine

entry |2 pages

Palestine, economy

entry |1 pages

Palestine Communist Party (PCP)

entry |1 pages

Palestine Democratic Alliance

entry |1 pages

Palestine Liberation Army (PLA)

entry |2 pages

Palestine Liberation Front (PLF)

entry |3 pages

Palestine Liberation Organization (PLO)

entry |1 pages

Palestine Martyrs Work Society

entry |1 pages

Palestine National Alliance

entry |1 pages

Palestine National Charter

entry |1 pages

Palestine National Council (PNC)

entry |1 pages

Palestine National Front (PNF)

entry |1 pages

Palestine National Liberation Army

entry |2 pages

Palestine Resistance Movement

entry |1 pages

Palestinian Central Council

entry |1 pages

Palestinian identity

entry |2 pages

Palestinian Islamic Jihad (PIJ)

entry |1 pages

Palestinian National Authority (PNA)

entry |1 pages

Palestinian (National) Council

entry |1 pages

Palestinian National Fund (PNF)

entry |1 pages

Palestinian National Liberation Movement

entry |1 pages

Palestinian National Salvation Front (PNSF)

entry |1 pages

Palestinian Popular Struggle Front (PPSF)

entry |1 pages

Palestinians

entry |1 pages

Palmach

entry |1 pages

Pan-Arabism

entry |1 pages

Pan-Iranist Party

entry |1 pages

Pan-Islamism

entry |1 pages

Panjshir Valley

entry |1 pages

Pan-Turanism

entry |1 pages

Papp

entry |1 pages

Parliaments

entry |1 pages

Parti de l'action

entry |1 pages

Parti al-Ahd

entry |1 pages

Parti de l'avant-garde démocratique socialiste

entry |1 pages

Parti du congrès national unioniste

entry |1 pages

Parti démocratique et de l'indépendance

entry |1 pages

Parti démocratique progressif

entry |1 pages

Parti de l'enviroimement et du développement

entry |1 pages

Parti des forces citoyennes

entry |1 pages

Parti de la gauche socialiste unifiée

entry |1 pages

Parti de la justice et du développement (PJD)

entry |1 pages

Parti marocain liberal (PML)

entry |1 pages

Parti national démocrate

entry |1 pages

Parti national libéral

entry |1 pages

Parti national pour la solidarité et le développement

entry |2 pages

Parti du progrès et du socialisme (PPS—Morocco)

entry |1 pages

Parti de la réforme et du développement

entry |1 pages

Parti du renouveau algérien

entry |1 pages

Parti républicain progressif

entry |1 pages

Parti social démocrate

entry |1 pages

Parti socialiste démocratique

entry |1 pages

Parti socialiste nationaliste syrien

entry |1 pages

Parti socialiste progressiste—At-Takadumi al-Ishterak

entry |1 pages

Parti des travailleurs

entry |1 pages

Partisans of Islam

entry |1 pages

Partition (of Palestine)

entry |1 pages

Pasdaran

entry |1 pages

Pashtuns/Pashto

entry |1 pages

Pashtunistan

entry |1 pages

Patriotic Union of Kurdistan (PUK)

entry |2 pages

Peace process

entry |1 pages

Peace Treaty between Egypt and Israel (1979)

entry |1 pages

Peel Commission

entry |2 pages

People's Democratic Republic of Yemen

entry |1 pages

People's Front for the Liberation of the Sahara and the Río de Oro

entry |1 pages

People's Mujahidin of Iran (PMI)

entry |1 pages

Perejil

entry |1 pages

Peres, Shimon

entry |1 pages

Persia

entry |1 pages

Persian (Arabian) Gulf

entry |1 pages

Peshmerga

entry |1 pages

Petroleum

entry |1 pages

Pflp

entry |1 pages

Pflp-Gc

entry |1 pages

Phalange Libanais

entry |2 pages

Phosphate(s)

entry |1 pages

Pkk

entry |1 pages

Plan Dalet

entry |1 pages

Plan of Joint Action (1984)

entry |1 pages

Plo

entry |1 pages

Pna

entry |1 pages

Pnc

entry |1 pages

Pnina Rosenblum

entry |1 pages

Poale Agudat Israel

entry |1 pages

Poale Zion

entry |1 pages

Poland

entry |2 pages

Polisario Front

entry |1 pages

Political freedom

entry |1 pages

Political Islam

entry |1 pages

Political Zionist Opposition (OMETZ)

entry |1 pages

Pollution

entry |1 pages

Polytheism

entry |1 pages

Popular Bloc

entry |1 pages

Popular Committees

entry |1 pages

Popular Democratic Pan-Arab Party

entry |1 pages

Popular Democratic Party

entry |1 pages

Popular Front for the Liberation of Palestine (PFLP)

entry |2 pages

Popular Front for the Liberation of Palestine-General Command (PFLP-GC)

entry |1 pages

Popular Front for the Liberation of Palestine-Special Command (PFLP-SC)

entry |1 pages

Popular Liberation Army

entry |1 pages

Popular Movement

entry |1 pages

Popular Participation Bloc

entry |1 pages

Popular Struggle Front (PSF)

entry |1 pages

Populism

entry |1 pages

Post-colonial states

entry |1 pages

Powell, Colin

entry |1 pages

Programme of Assistance to the Palestinian People

entry |1 pages

Progressive List for Peace

entry |1 pages

Progressive Republican Party

entry |2 pages

Provincial Reconstruction Teams (PRTs)

part 559Q|9 pages

entry |1 pages

Qabil

entry |1 pages

Qaboos ibn Said

entry |2 pages

al-Qaddafi, Col Muammar Abu Minyar (1942–)

entry |2 pages

Al-Qa'ida

entry |1 pages

Al-Qa'ida network

entry |1 pages

Qairawan

entry |1 pages

Qajar dynasty

entry |1 pages

Qashqai

entry |1 pages

Qasimi, Sheikh Saqr ibn Muhammad

entry |1 pages

Qasimi, Sheikh Sultan ibn Muhammad

entry |1 pages

Qassam, Izz ad-Din

entry |2 pages

Qatar, State of

entry |1 pages

Qatar, economy

entry |1 pages

Al-Qiyam

entry |1 pages

Qualified Industrial Zones (Jordan)

entry |1 pages

Al-Quds

entry |1 pages

Al-Quds Committee

entry |1 pages

Al-Qudsi, Nazim

entry |1 pages

Qum (Qom)

entry |1 pages

Qur'anic Literacy Institute

entry |1 pages

Qurei, Ahmed

entry |1 pages

Qutb, Sayyid (1906–66)

entry |1 pages

Al-Quwatli, Shukri

part 568R|18 pages

entry |1 pages

Ra'am

entry |1 pages

Rabat

entry |2 pages

Rabat Resolution

entry |1 pages

Rabbani, Burhanuddin

entry |1 pages

Rabin, Itzhak

entry |1 pages

Rafah

entry |1 pages

Rafi

entry |1 pages

Rafsanjani, Hojatoleslam Ali Akbar Hashemi

entry |1 pages

Ar-Rahman Battalion (Algeria)

entry |1 pages

Rahman, Sheikh Omar Abdul

entry |1 pages

Rajai, Muhammad Ali

entry |1 pages

Rajavi, Massoud

entry |1 pages

Rakah

entry |1 pages

Rakhmonov, Imamali

entry |1 pages

Ramadan

entry |1 pages

Ramadan, Taha Yassin

entry |1 pages

Rand Corporation

entry |1 pages

Rantissi, Abdul Aziz

entry |1 pages

Ras al-Khaimah

entry |1 pages

Rassemblement pour la concorde nationale

entry |1 pages

Rassemblement pour la culture et la démocratie

entry |1 pages

Rassemblement national démocratique

entry |1 pages

Rassemblement national des indépendants

entry |1 pages

Rastakiz Party (Iran)

entry |1 pages

Ratz

entry |1 pages

Rcc

entry |2 pages

Reagan Plan

entry |1 pages

Refai, Ahmed Taha

entry |2 pages

Refugees

entry |1 pages

Regional Bureau for Arab States

entry |1 pages

Regional Business Council

entry |1 pages

Religious minorities

entry |1 pages

Remittances

entry |1 pages

Rentier state

entry |1 pages

Republic of Yemen

entry |1 pages

Republican Guard (Iraq)

entry |1 pages

Republican People's Party (RPP)

entry |1 pages

Research and development

entry |1 pages

Revolutionary Command Council (RCC, Iraq)

entry |2 pages

Revolutionary Committees (komitehs)

entry |1 pages

Revolutionary Council (Iran)

entry |1 pages

Revolutionary Cultural Society of the East

entry |1 pages

Revolutionary Guards

entry |1 pages

Revolutionary Justice Organization

entry |1 pages

Revolutionary Komitehs (Iran)

entry |1 pages

Revolutionary Organization of Socialist Muslims

entry |1 pages

Revolutionary People's Liberation Front

entry |1 pages

Reza Khan, Shah

entry |1 pages

Riyadh

entry |2 pages

Road Map to peace

entry |1 pages

Rockingham cell

entry |1 pages

Rogers Plan

entry |1 pages

Rubayyi'ali, Salim

entry |1 pages

Rushdie, Salman

entry |2 pages

Russia

part 586S|46 pages

entry |2 pages

As-Sabah family

entry |1 pages

As-Sabah, Jabir III al-Ahmad I al-Jabir II as-Sabah

entry |1 pages

As-Sabah, Saad al-Abdullah

entry |1 pages

As-Sabah, Sheikh Abdullah III

entry |1 pages

As-Sabah, Sheikh Mubarak

entry |1 pages

As-Sabah, Sheikh Sabah ibn Salim

entry |1 pages

Sabra and Chatila

entry |1 pages

El-Sadaawi, Nawal

entry |2 pages

Es-Sadat, Anwar

entry |1 pages

Sadr

entry |1 pages

As-Sadr, Hussein

entry |1 pages

As-Sadr, Ayatollah Mohammed Sadiq

entry |1 pages

As-Sadr, Moqtada

entry |1 pages

As-Sadr, Musa

entry |1 pages

Safari Club

entry |2 pages

Saharan Republic

entry |1 pages

Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic (SADR)

entry |1 pages

Sahrawis

entry |1 pages

As-Said dynasty

entry |1 pages

As-Said, Faisal ibn Turki

entry |1 pages

As-Said, Nuri (Nouri)

entry |1 pages

As-Said, Qabus (Qaboos) ibn Said

entry |1 pages

As-Said, Said ibn Tamir

entry |1 pages

As-Said, Tamir ibn Faisal

entry |1 pages

Said, Edward

entry |1 pages

Salafeen

entry |1 pages

Salafism, salafists

entry |1 pages

Salafism (Morocco)

entry |1 pages

Salafist Group for Call and Combat (Algeria)

entry |1 pages

Salafist Jihad

entry |1 pages

Salafiyya movement

entry |1 pages

As-Salahi, Naguib

entry |1 pages

As-Sallal, Brig.-Gen. Abdullah

entry |1 pages

Salameh, Ali Hassan

entry |1 pages

Salat

entry |1 pages

Ould Mohammed Salek, Lt-Col Mustapha

entry |1 pages

Salih (Saleh), Ali Abdullah

entry |1 pages

Sama

entry |1 pages

Samaria

entry |2 pages

Samed

entry |1 pages

San'a

entry |1 pages

Saraya al-Mujahidin

entry |1 pages

Sarkis, Elias

entry |1 pages

As-Saud, Abdul Aziz ibn Abdul Rahman

entry |1 pages

As-Saud, Fahd ibn Abdul Aziz

entry |1 pages

As-Saud, Faisal ibn Abdul Aziz

entry |1 pages

As-Saud, Khalid ibn Abdul Aziz

entry |1 pages

As-Saud, Saud ibn Abdul Aziz

entry |3 pages

Saudi Arabia, Kingdom of

entry |2 pages

Saudi Arabia, economy

entry |1 pages

Saudi Arabian Monetary Agency

entry |1 pages

Saudi ARAMCO

entry |1 pages

Saum

entry |1 pages

SAVAK—Sazman-e Ettelaatva Amniyat-e Keshvar

entry |1 pages

Sayerat Matkal

entry |2 pages

Sayyaf, Abdul Rasul

entry |1 pages

Sazman-e Peykar dar Rahe Azadieh Tabaq-e Kargar

entry |1 pages

Schwarzkopf, Gen. Norman

entry |1 pages

Sciri

entry |1 pages

Security companies

entry |1 pages

Sephardim

entry |1 pages

Servants of Construction Party

entry |3 pages

Settlement(s)

entry |1 pages

Seveners

entry |1 pages

Ash-Sha'abi, Qahtan Muhammad

entry |1 pages

Sha'b

entry |1 pages

Shabak

entry |1 pages

Ash-Shabiba al-Islamiyya

entry |1 pages

Shafi'i Code

entry |1 pages

Shah, Mohammed Reza Pahlavi

entry |1 pages

Shah, Reza

entry |1 pages

Shahaddah

entry |1 pages

Shahar

entry |1 pages

Shalom Achsav (Peace Now)

entry |1 pages

Shamir, Itzhak (1915–)

entry |1 pages

Sharett, Moshe

entry |2 pages

Shari‘a

entry |1 pages

Shari'ati, Ali

entry |1 pages

Sharjah, Emirate of

entry |2 pages

Sharm esh-Sheikh Agreement (Memorandum)

entry |1 pages

Sharm esh-Sheikh Fact-Finding Committee Report

entry |2 pages

Sharon, Ariel

entry |1 pages

Ash-Sharqi, Sheikh Hamad ibn Muhammad

entry |1 pages

Shas

entry |1 pages

Shatt al-Arab

entry |1 pages

Shawkat, Ahmad

entry |1 pages

Sheikh (Shaikh)

entry |1 pages

Sheikh Bakr Group

entry |2 pages

Shelli—Shalom LeYisrael

entry |1 pages

Shi‘a or Shi‘ite Muslims

entry |1 pages

Shi‘ism—Shi‘a Islam

entry |1 pages

Shin Beth

entry |1 pages

Shinui

entry |1 pages

Shiraz

entry |1 pages

Shishakli, Col Adib

entry |1 pages

Shuhada

entry |1 pages

Shultz Plan

entry |1 pages

Shura (Afghanistan)

entry |1 pages

Shura (Central Asia)

entry |1 pages

Sista-Ahoti

entry |1 pages

Sistani, Grand Ayatollah Ali

entry |1 pages

Six-Day War

entry |1 pages

Social Justice Party

entry |1 pages

Social Liberal Party

entry |1 pages

Socialism

entry |1 pages

Socialist Labour Party

entry |2 pages

Socialist Labour Party (Egypt)

entry |1 pages

Socialist Liberal Party (Egypt)

entry |1 pages

Socialist Nationalist Syrian Party

entry |1 pages

Socialist Party of Kurdistan

entry |1 pages

Socialist Union of Popular Forces (Morocco)

entry |2 pages

The Socialist Vanguard Party

entry |1 pages

Society of Self-Sacrificing Devotees

entry |1 pages

Software

entry |1 pages

South Korea

entry |2 pages

South Yemen

entry |1 pages

Spanish Morocco

entry |1 pages

Spanish Sahara

entry |1 pages

The State List

entry |1 pages

Stern, Avraham (Yair)

entry |1 pages

Stern Gang/Group—Lechi

entry |1 pages

Stockmarkets

entry |1 pages

Strict Nationalists

entry |1 pages

Suez Canal

entry |1 pages

Sufism

entry |1 pages

Sunay, Cevdet

entry |1 pages

Sunni Leadership Council (Iraq)

entry |1 pages

Sunnis and Sunnism

entry |1 pages

Sunnis and Shi‘ites in Iraq

entry |1 pages

Sunnis and Shi‘ites in Syria

entry |1 pages

Supporters of Islam

entry |1 pages

Supporters of the Islamic League (Lebanon)

entry |2 pages

Supreme Council for the Islamic Revolution in Iraq (SCIRI)

entry |1 pages

Sykes-Picot Agreement

entry |3 pages

Syria (Syrian Arab Republic)

entry |1 pages

Syria, economy

part 632T|38 pages

entry |1 pages

Tai'f Agreement

entry |1 pages

Tajammu' al-Ulama' al-Muslimin

entry |1 pages

Tajik civil war

entry |5 pages

Tajikistan, Republic of

entry |1 pages

Tajikistan, economy

entry |1 pages

Tajiks

entry |1 pages

Et-Takaful

entry |1 pages

Takfir wa-l Hijra

entry |1 pages

Takfir wa-l Hijra (Jordan)

entry |1 pages

Et-Takaful

entry |1 pages

Talaa al-Fath

entry |1 pages

Talabani

entry |1 pages

Talabani, Jalal

entry |1 pages

Talal, King of Jordan

entry |2 pages

Taliban Islamic Movement of Afghanistan

entry |1 pages

Tami

entry |1 pages

Tanzim al-Jihad

entry |1 pages

Tanzimat

entry |1 pages

Taqlid

entry |1 pages

Tashkent

entry |1 pages

Tatars

entry |1 pages

Tawheed Islami

entry |1 pages

Ould Taya, Col Maaouiya Ould Sidi Ahmed

entry |1 pages

Ibn Taymiyah Mosque

entry |1 pages

Tehran

entry |1 pages

Tehiya (Renaissance) Party

entry |1 pages

Tel-Aviv

entry |1 pages

Telem

entry |1 pages

Tenuat HaHerut (Israel)

entry |2 pages

Terrorism

entry |1 pages

Ath-Thani dynasty

entry |1 pages

Ath-Thani, Ahmad ibn Ali

entry |1 pages

Ath-Thani, Hamad ibn Khalifa ath-Thani

entry |1 pages

Ath-Thani, Khalifa ibn Hamad ath-Thani

entry |1 pages

Third International Theory

entry |1 pages

The Third Way

entry |1 pages

Third World Relief Agency (TWRA)

entry |1 pages

Tigris

entry |1 pages

Tikrit

entry |1 pages

Tiqva

entry |1 pages

Tisa

entry |1 pages

Tourism

entry |1 pages

Trade

entry |1 pages

Transitional Administrative Law (Iraq)

entry |1 pages

Transitional Islamic State of Afghanistan (TISA)

entry |2 pages

Transjordan

entry |2 pages

Transport

entry |1 pages

Treaty of Friendship and Co-operation

entry |1 pages

Treaty of London

entry |1 pages

Tribe(s)

entry |1 pages

Tripoli

entry |1 pages

Trucial states

entry |1 pages

True Path Party

entry |1 pages

Tsomet/Tzomet

entry |2 pages

Tudeh Party—The Party of the Masses

entry |1 pages

The Tunb Islands

entry |1 pages

Tunis

entry |4 pages

Tunisia, Republic of

entry |2 pages

Tunisia, economy

entry |1 pages

Tunisian Combatant Group (TCG)

entry |1 pages

Tunisians, The

entry |3 pages

Turkey, Republic of

entry |2 pages

Turkey, economy

entry |1 pages

Turkish Hezbollah

entry |1 pages

Turkish Islamic Development Bank (IDB)

entry |1 pages

Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus (TRNC)

entry |1 pages

Turkmans

entry |4 pages

Turkmenistan, Republic of

entry |2 pages

Turkmenistan, economy

entry |1 pages

Tusiad

entry |1 pages

Twelver Shi‘is

part 670U|39 pages

entry |1 pages

Uae

entry |1 pages

UAE Exchange Centre

entry |1 pages

Uar

entry |1 pages

Ukraine

entry |1 pages

Ulema

entry |1 pages

Ulema Union

entry |1 pages

Umm al-Qaiwain, Emirate of

entry |2 pages

Umm Qasr

entry |1 pages

Umm al-Qura mosque

entry |1 pages

Umma (Nation) Party

entry |1 pages

Ummah

entry |1 pages

Ummah al-Hezbollah

entry |1 pages

UN—United Nations

entry |1 pages

UN General Assembly Resolution 181

entry |3 pages

UN General Assembly Resolution 194

entry |1 pages

UN General Assembly Resolution 273

entry |1 pages

UN General Assembly Resolution 2442

entry |1 pages

UN General Assembly Resolution 2535 B

entry |1 pages

UN General Assembly Resolution 2628

entry |1 pages

UN General Assembly Resolution 2649

entry |1 pages

UN General Assembly Resolution 2949

entry |1 pages

UN General Assembly Resolution 3161

entry |1 pages

UN General Assembly Resolution 3236

entry |1 pages

UN General Assembly Resolution 3237

entry |1 pages

UN General Assembly Resolution 3379

entry |1 pages

UN General Assembly Resolution 32/5

entry |1 pages

UN General Assembly Resolution 32/20

entry |1 pages

UN General Assembly Resolution 32/30

entry |1 pages

UN General Assembly Resolution 33/29

entry |1 pages

UN General Assembly Resolution 34/65

entry |2 pages

UN General Assembly Resolution on the Internationalization of Jerusalem

entry |1 pages

UN Security Council

entry |2 pages

UN Security Council Resolution 242

entry |1 pages

UN Security Council Resolution 252

entry |1 pages

UN Security Council Resolution 298

entry |1 pages

UN Security Council Resolution 338

entry |1 pages

UN Security Council Resolution 340

entry |1 pages

UN Security Council Resolution 425

entry |1 pages

UN Security Council Resolution 465

entry |1 pages

UN Security Council Resolution 687

entry |1 pages

UN Security Council Resolution 707

entry |1 pages

UN Security Council Resolution 715

entry |1 pages

UN Security Council Resolution 949

entry |1 pages

UN Security Council Resolution 1051

entry |1 pages

UN Security Council Resolution 1060

entry |2 pages

UN Security Council Resolution 1115

entry |1 pages

UN Security Council Resolution 1134

entry |1 pages

UN Security Council Resolution 1137

entry |1 pages

UN Security Council Resolution 1397

entry |2 pages

UN Security Council Resolution 1483

entry |1 pages

UN Security Council Resolution 1496

entry |1 pages

UNCTAD—United Nations Conference on Trade and Development

entry |1 pages

UNDOF—United Nations Disengagement Observer Force

entry |1 pages

UNDP—United Nations Development Programme.

entry |1 pages

UNEA—Union nationale des étudiants algériens

entry |1 pages

UNEF—United Nations Emergency Force

entry |1 pages

UNEP—United Nations Environment Programme

entry |1 pages

Unesco

entry |1 pages

UNFICYP—United Nations Peace-Keeping Force in Cyprus

entry |1 pages

UNFP—Union nationale des forces populaires (Morocco)

entry |1 pages

Unfpa

entry |1 pages

UNHCR—United Nations High Commission for Refugees

entry |1 pages

Unified National Leadership of the Uprising (UNLU)

entry |1 pages

UNIFIL—United Nations Interim Force in Lebanon

entry |1 pages

UNIIMOG—United Nations Iran-Iraq Military Observer Group

entry |1 pages

UNIKOM—United Nations Iraq-Kuwait Observation Mission

entry |1 pages

Unilateral Separation Plan

entry |1 pages

Union of Arab Banks (UAB)

entry |1 pages

Union constitutionelle

entry |1 pages

Union pour la démocratie et les libertés

entry |1 pages

Union démocratique

entry |1 pages

Union générale tunisienne du travail

entry |1 pages

Union socialiste des forces populaires

entry |1 pages

Unionist Arab Democratic Party

entry |3 pages

United Arab Emirates (UAE)

entry |1 pages

United Arab Emirates, economy

entry |1 pages

United Arab List

entry |1 pages

United Arab Republic

entry |1 pages

United Arab States

entry |1 pages

United Front, The

entry |1 pages

United Kingdom

entry |1 pages

United Socialist Party of Kurdistan

entry |1 pages

United States Agency for International Development

entry |1 pages

United Tajik Opposition

entry |1 pages

United Torah Judaism

entry |1 pages

United Workers Party

entry |1 pages

Universal Declaration of Human Rights

entry |1 pages

Unmem

entry |1 pages

UNMOVIC—United Nations Monitoring, Verification and Inspection Commission

entry |1 pages

UNRWA—United Nations Relief and Works Agency for Palestinian Refugees in the Near East

entry |1 pages

UNSCO—Office of the United Nations Special Co-ordinator in the Occupied Territories

entry |1 pages

UNSCOM—United Nations Special Commission on Monitoring

entry |1 pages

UNSCOP—United Nations Special Committee on Palestine.

entry |1 pages

UNTSO—United Nations Truce Supervision Organization

entry |1 pages

Urabi movement (Egypt)

entry |1 pages

Urbanization

entry |1 pages

US armed forces

entry |1 pages

US Iraq Survey Group

entry |2 pages

US military policy in the Middle East (historical)

entry |2 pages

US policy in the Middle East (historical)

entry |1 pages

USS Cole

entry |5 pages

Uzbekistan, Republic of

entry |2 pages

Uzbekistan, economy

entry |1 pages

Uzbeks

part 709V|4 pages

entry |1 pages

Vanguards of Conquest

entry |1 pages

Vanunu, Mordechai

entry |1 pages

Veil

entry |1 pages

Velayat-i Faqih

entry |1 pages

Velayati, Ali Akbar

entry |1 pages

Venice Declaration

entry |1 pages

Vevak

entry |1 pages

Visrael Ba'aliya

entry |1 pages

Visrael Beitunu

entry |1 pages

Vizir

part 713W|20 pages

entry |1 pages

Al-Wa'ad

entry |1 pages

WAFA—Wafa wa al-Adl

entry |2 pages

Wafd Party (Egypt)

entry |1 pages

Wahhabis

entry |2 pages

Wahhabism

entry |2 pages

Wailing Wall

entry |1 pages

The Wall (Cyprus)

entry |1 pages

The Wall (Israel)

entry |1 pages

The Wall (Morocco and Western Sahara)

entry |1 pages

War in Afghanistan (2001–)

entry |1 pages

War of attrition (1969–70)

entry |1 pages

War crimes

entry |1 pages

War of Establishment (Israel)

entry |1 pages

War of Independence (Israel)

entry |2 pages

Wars

entry |1 pages

Watan/wataniyya

entry |2 pages

Water

entry |1 pages

Water for arms

entry |2 pages

Wazir, Khalil (‘Abu Jihad')

entry |1 pages

Weapons of Mass Destruction (WMD, Iran)

entry |1 pages

Weapons of Mass Destruction (WMD, Iraq)

entry |1 pages

Weapons of Mass Destruction (Israel)

entry |1 pages

Weapons of Mass Destruction (WMD, Libya)

entry |1 pages

Weapons of Mass Destruction (WMD, Syria)

entry |1 pages

Weizmann, Chaim

entry |2 pages

Weizmann-Faisal Accord

entry |1 pages

Welfare Party (Turkey)

entry |2 pages

The West Bank

entry |1 pages

West Beirut Massacre

entry |1 pages

West Jerusalem

entry |2 pages

Western Sahara

entry |1 pages

Western Sahara, economy

entry |1 pages

White Revolution (Iran)

entry |1 pages

Will of the Iranian Nation

entry |1 pages

Women

entry |1 pages

Women's rights (Bahrain)

entry |1 pages

Women's rights (Jordan)

entry |1 pages

Women's rights (Morocco)

entry |1 pages

Women's rights (Turkmenistan)

entry |1 pages

The Woodridge Fountain

entry |1 pages

Workers Party (PT)

entry |1 pages

World Bank

entry |1 pages

World Food Programme (WFP)

entry |1 pages

World Islamic Front for the Jihad against the Jews and the Crusaders

entry |1 pages

World Trade Center

entry |1 pages

World Trade Organization (WTO)

entry |1 pages

Wye River Memorandum

part 733X|1 pages

entry |1 pages

Xinjiang Province

part 734Y|11 pages

entry |1 pages

Yahad

entry |1 pages

Yahad Shivtei Yisrael

entry |1 pages

Yahiaoui, Col Mohamed Salah

entry |1 pages

Yahya, Imam

entry |1 pages

Yahya, Imam Ahmed Ben

entry |1 pages

Al-Yakatha

entry |1 pages

Yakiti Party

entry |2 pages

Yamani, Sheikh Ahmed Zaki

entry |2 pages

Yassin, Sheikh Ahmed

entry |1 pages

Yassine, Sheikh Abdessalam

entry |1 pages

Yazidis

entry |2 pages

Yemen

entry |2 pages

Yemen Arab Republic (YAR)

entry |2 pages

Yemen Socialist Party (YSP)

entry |1 pages

Yemeni Assembly Unity Party

entry |2 pages

Yemeni Islah Party (YIP)

entry |1 pages

Yertinsky, Itzhak

entry |1 pages

Yesh Gvul (There is a Limit)

entry |1 pages

Yishuv

entry |1 pages

Yisra'el Ba'Aliya

entry |1 pages

Yisra'el Beiteinu

entry |1 pages

Yi'ud

entry |1 pages

Yom Kippur

entry |1 pages

Yom Kippur War (1973)

entry |1 pages

Young Officers (Ottoman)

entry |2 pages

Young Turks

entry |1 pages

Yousef, Ramzi Ahmed

entry |1 pages

Yuldeshev, Tohir

part 745Z|8 pages

entry |1 pages

Zaghlul Saad

entry |1 pages

Zahal

entry |1 pages

Zahedi, Fazlullah (1897–1963)

entry |1 pages

Zahir Shah, Mohammed (1914–)

entry |1 pages

Zaidis

entry |1 pages

Zaim system

entry |1 pages

Zaim, Hosni

entry |1 pages

Zakat (Zakât, Zakaat, Zakah)

entry |1 pages

Zaki, Mohammed

entry |1 pages

az-Zarkawi, Abu Musa

entry |1 pages

az-Zawahiri, Ayman

entry |1 pages

Zayed, Sheikh

entry |1 pages

Zéroual, Liamine

entry |1 pages

Zion

entry |2 pages

Zionism

entry |1 pages

Zionist Congress

entry |1 pages

Zionist Labour Alliance (ZLA)

entry |1 pages

Zionist Labour Federation

entry |1 pages

Zionist Organization

entry |1 pages

Zionist Organization of America

entry |1 pages

Ziraat Bankasi

entry |1 pages

Zoroaster or Zarathustra

entry |1 pages

Zoroastrianism

entry |1 pages

Zoroastrians

entry |1 pages

Abu Zubayda