The Routledge Encyclopedia of Civil War Era Biographies

Adams, Charles Francis 1807–86: U.S. congressman and diplomat

Adams, Daniel Weisiger 1821–72: Confederate general

Adams, John 1825–64: Confederate general

Alcott, Louisa May 1832–88: Union nurse and author

Alexander, Edward Porter 1835–1910: Confederate general

Allen, Henry Watkins 1820–66: Confederate general and Louisiana governor

Allen, Robert 1811–86: Union general

Ames, Adelbert 1835–1933: Union general, U.S. senator, and Mississippi governor

Ammen, Jacob 1808–94: Union general

Anderson, George Burgwyn 1831–62: Confederate general

Anderson, Joseph Reid 1813–92: Confederate general and Tredegar Iron Works owner

Anderson, Richard Heron 1821–79: Confederate general

Anderson, Robert 1805–71: Union general

Andrew, John Albion 1818–67: Massachusetts governor

Andrews, Christopher Columbus 1829–1922: Union general and diplomat

Andrews, George Leonard 1828–99: Union general

Andrews, James J. c. 1829–62: Union secret agent

Anthony, Susan B(rownell) 1820–1906: Abolitionist and women's rights campaigner

Archer, James Jay 1817–64: Confederate general

Armistead, Lewis Addison 1817–63: Confederate general

Arnold, Richard 1828–82: Union general

Asboth, Alexander Sandor 1811–68: Union general and diplomat

Ashby, Turner, Jr. 1828–62: Confederate general

Ashley, James Mitchell 1824–96: U.S. congressman and Montana Territory governor

Astor, John Jacob, III 1822–90: Financier and Union general

Augur, Christopher Colon 1821–98: Union general

Augusta, Alexander Thomas 1825–90: African-American surgeon, educator, and Union officer

Averell, William Woods 1832–1900: Union general, and inventor

Ayres, Romeyn Beck 1825–88: Union general

Babcock, Orville Elias 1836–84: Union officer

Bailey, Joseph 1825–67: Union general

Bailey, Theodorus 1805–77: Union naval officer

Baird, Absalom 1824–1905: Union general

Baker, Alpheus 1828–91: Confederate general

Baker, Edward Dickinson 1811–61: Union officer and U.S. senator and representative

Baker, Lafayette Curry 1826–68: U.S. secret service director and Union general

Baker, Laurence Simmons 1830–1907: Confederate general

Bankhead, Smith Pyne 1823–67: Confederate officer

Banks, Nathaniel Sarttle Prentiss 1816–94: Massachusetts governor and Union general

Barksdale, William 1821–63: Confederate general and U.S. congressman

Barlow, Francis Channing 1834–96: Union general and New York attorney general

Barnard, John Gross 1815–82: Union general

Barnes, Joseph K. 1817–83: Union general and U.S. surgeon general

Barnum, Henry Alanson 1833–92: Union general

Barnum, P(hineas) T(aylor) 1810–91: Showman

Barrett, Theodore Harvey 1834–1900: Union general

Barron, Samuel 1809–88: Confederate commodore

Barry, John Decatur 1839–67: Confederate general

Barry, William Farquhar 1818–79: Union general

Barton, Clara 1821–1912: Union nurse and humanitarian

Bartow, Francis Stebbins 1816–61: Confederate officer

Bassett, Ebenezer Don Carlos 1833–1908: African-American abolitionist, educator, and U.S. diplomat

Bate, William Brimage 1826–1905: Confederate general, Tennessee governor, and U.S. senator

Bates, Edward 1793–1869: U.S. attorney general

Bayard, George Dashiell 1835–62: Union general

Baylor, John Robert 1822–94: Confederate officer and congressman

Beauregard, Pierre Gustave Toutant 1818–93: Confederate general

Bee, Barnard Elliott, Jr. 1824–61: Confederate general

Belknap, William Worth 1829–90: Union general and U.S. secretary of war

Bell, Tyree Harris 1815–1902: Confederate general

Bellows, Henry Whitney 1814–82: Sanitary Commission president

Benham, Henry Washington 1813–84: Union general

Benjamin, Judah Philip 1811–84: Confederate secretary of state

Bennett, James Gordon 1795–1872: Editor

Berry, Hiram Gregory 1824–63: Union general

Berry, Lucy Ann 1830–c.1891: Escaped slave and biographer

Bickerdyke, Mary Ann 1817–1901: Sanitary Commission agent

Bierce, Ambrose Gwinnett 1842–c. 1914: Union officer, journalist, and author

Birney, James Gillespie 1792–1857: Abolitionist and Liberal presidential candidate

Birney, William 1819–1907: Union general

Blackwell, Elizabeth 1821–1910: Physician

Blair, Francis Preston, Jr. 1821–75: Union general, and U.S. representative and senator

Blair, Montgomery 1813–82: U.S. postmaster general

Blenker, Louis 1812–63: Union general

Blunt, James Gilpatrick 1826–81: Union general

Bonham, Milledge Luke 1813–90: Confederate general and congressman, U.S. congressman, and South Carolina governor

Booth, John Wilkes 1838–65: Actor and assassin of President Lincoln

Borcke, Johann August Heinrich Heros von 1835–95: Prussian Confederate officer

Botts, John Minor 1802–69: U.S. congressman and Virginia unionist

Boudinot, Elias Cornelius 1835–90: Native-American Confederate officer and congressman

Bowen, John Stevens 1830–63: Confederate general

Boyd, Belle 1843–1900: Confederate spy

Bradley, Amy Morris 1823–1904: Union nurse

Brady, Mathew B. c. 1823–96: Union photographer

Bragg, Braxton 1817–76: Confederate general

Bragg, Thomas 1810–72: North Carolina governor and Confederate attorney general

Braine, Daniel Lawrence 1829–98: Union naval officer

Branch, Lawrence O'Bryan 1820–62: Confederate general and U.S. congressman

Brandon, William Lindsay c. 1802–90: Confederate general

Brannan, John Milton 1819–92: Union general

Bratton, John 1831–98: Confederate general and U.S. congressman

Breckinridge, John Cabell 1821–75: U.S. vice president, and Confederate general and secretary of war

Brooke, John Mercer 1826–1904: Confederate naval officer

Brooks, Preston Smith 1819–57: U.S. congressman

Brooks, William Thomas Harbaugh 1821–70: Union general

Brown, Henry c. 1815–c..1879: Slave and abolitionist

Brown, John 1800–59: Abolitionist

Brown, John Calvin 1827–89: Confederate general and Tennessee governor

Brown, Joseph Emerson 1821–95: Georgia governor

Brown, William Wells c. 1816–84: Slave, abolitionist, and author

Brownlow, William Gannaway 1805–77: Editor

Bruce, Blanche Kelso 1841–98: Slave and U.S. senator

Bryant, William Cullen 1794–1878: Poet and journalist

Buchanan, Franklin 1800–74: Confederate admiral

Buchanan, James 1791–1868: U.S. president

Buchanan, Robert Christie 1811–78: Union general

Buckner, Simon Bolivar 1823–1914: Confederate general and Kentucky governor

Buell, Don Carlos 1818–98: Union general

Buford, John 1826–63: Union general

Bulloch, James Dunwoody 1823–1901: Confederate naval agent

Burbridge, Stephen Gano 1831–94: Union general

Burnett, Henry Lawrence 1838–1916: Union officer

Burns, Anthony 1834–62: Slave

Burns, John Lawrence 1793–1872: Civilian fighter at Gettysburg

Burns, William Wallace 1825–92: Union general

Burnside, Ambrose Everett 1824–81: Union general

Butler, Benjamin Franklin 1818–93: Lawyer, politician, and Union general

Butterfield, Daniel 1831–1901: Union general

Caldwell, John Curtis 1833–1912: Union general and diplomat

Calhoun, John C(aldwell) 1782–1850: U.S. senator, representative, vice president, and secretary of war

Cameron, Robert Alexander 1828–94: Union general

Cameron, Simon 1799–1889: U.S. secretary of war

Campbell, Charles Thomas 1823–95: Union general

Campbell, John Archibald 1811–89: U.S. Supreme Court associate justice and Confederate assistant secretary of war

Canby, Edward Richard Sprigg 1817–73: Union general

Cannon, William 1809–65: Delaware governor

Carlin, William Passmore 1829–1903: Union general

Carnegie, Andrew 1835–1919: Industrialist and U.S. War Department supervisor

Carney, William Harvey 1840–1908: African-American Union soldier

Carr, Eugene Asa 1820–1910: Union general and Indian fighter

Carrington, Henry Beebe 1824–1912: Union general and author

Carroll, Anna Ella 1815–94: Union military advisor

Carroll, Samuel Sprigg 1832–93: Union general

Carroll, William Henry 1810–68: Confederate general

Carson, Christopher “Kit” 1809–68: Frontiersman and Union officer

Carter, Samuel Perry “Powhatan” 1819–91: Union general and admiral

Caruthers, Robert Looney 1800–82: U.S. congressman and (nonserving) Tennessee governor

Cary, Mary Ann Shadd 1823–93: Abolitionist, suffragette, and editor

Casey, Silas 1807–82: Union general

Catto, Octavius Valentine 1839–71: African-American leader

Chalmers, James Ronald 1831–98: Confederate general and U.S. congressman

Chamberlain, Joshua Lawrence 1828–1914: Educator, Union general, and Maine governor

Chandler, Zachariah 1813–79: U.S. senator and secretary of the interior

Chase, Salmon Portland 1803–73: U.S. secretary of the treasury and Supreme Court chief justice

Cheatham, Benjamin Franklin 1820–86: Confederate general

Chesnut, James, Jr. 1815–85: Confederate general and U.S. senator

Chesnut, Mary Boykin Miller 1823–86: Diarist

Chester, Thomas Morris 1834–92: African-American journalist and Union officer

Child, Lydia Maria 1802–80: Novelist and abolitionist

Churchill, Thomas James 1824–1905: Confederate general and Arkansas governor

Clark, Charles 1811–77: Confederate general and Mississippi governor

Clark, John Bullock, Jr. 1831–1903: Confederate general and U.S. congressman

Clark, Meriwether Lewis 1809–81: Confederate officer

Clark, William Thomas 1831–1905: Union general and U.S. congressman

Clay, Cassius Marcellus 1810–1903: Union general and diplomat

Clay, Clement Claiborne 1816–82: U.S. senator and Confederate senator

Clay, Henry 1777–1852: U.S. senator, representative, and secretary of state

Clayton, Powell 1833–1914: Union general, Arkansas governor, U.S. senator, and diplomat

Cleburne, Patrick Ronayne 1828–64: Confederate general

Clem, John Joseph 1851–1937: Union boy drummer

Clemens, Samuel Longhorne

Clingman, Thomas Lanier 1812–97: Confederate general and U.S. senator and representative

Cobb, Howell 1815–68: U.S. congressman and treasury secretary, Georgia governor, and Confederate general

Cobb, Thomas Reade Rootes 1823–62: Confederate general

Cody, William Frederick “Buffalo Bill” 1846–1917: Frontiersman and Union scout

Coffin, Charles Carleton 1823–96: Journalist

Cogswell, William 1838–95: Union general and U.S. congressman

Colfax, Schuyler, Jr. 1823–85: U.S. vice president and senator

Collins, Napoleon 1814–75: Union naval officer

Colquitt, Alfred Holt 1824–94: Confederate general, Georgia governor, and U.S. senator and representative

Conner, James 1829–83: Confederate general and South Carolina attorney general

Conrad, Thomas Nelson 1837–1905: Confederate officer and spy

Conway, Moncure Daniel 1832–1907: Abolitionist, minister, and author

Cook, Philip 1817–94: Confederate general and U.S. congressman

Cooke, Jay 1821–1905: Financier

Cooper, Douglas Hancock 1815–79: Confederate general

Cooper, Samuel 1798–1876: Confederate general

Corbett, Thomas “Boston” 1832–?: Union soldier

Corse, John Murray 1835–93: Union general

Corse, Montgomery Dent 1846–82: Confederate general

Cosby, George Blake 1830–1909: Confederate general

Couch, Darius Nash 1822–97: Union general

Cox, Jacob Dolson 1828–1900: Union general, Ohio governor, and U.S. secretary of the interior and congressman

Cox, William Ruffin 1832–1919: Confederate general, U.S. representative, and secretary of the senate

Craft, William 1824–1900: Slave

Crane, Charles Henry 1825–83: Union officer and U.S. Army surgeon general

Craven, Tunis Augustus Macdonough 1813–64: Union naval officer

Crawford, Samuel Wylie 1829–92: Union general and surgeon

Crittenden, George Bibb 1812–80: Confederate general

Crittenden, John Jordan 1787–1863: Kentucky governor and U.S. attorney general and senator

Crittenden, Thomas Leonidas 1819–93: Union general

Crocker, Frederick 1821–1911: Union naval officer

Crook, George 1828–90: Union general and Indian fighter

Cross, Edward Ephraim 1832–63: Union officer

Cruft, Charles 1826–83: Union general

Cumming, Alfred 1829–1910: Confederate general

Cumming, Kate c. 1830–1909: Confederate nurse and diarist

Curtin, Andrew Gregg 1815–94: Pennsylvania governor and diplomat

Curtis, Samuel Ryan 1805–66: Union general and U.S. congressman

Cushing, Alonzo Hersford 1841–63: Union officer

Cushman, Pauline 1835–93: Union spy

Custer, George Armstrong 1839–76: Union general and Indian fighter

Custer, Thomas Ward 1845–76: Union officer

Dahlgren, John Adolphus Bernard 1809–70: Union admiral

Dahlgren, Ulric 1842–64: Union officer

Dana, Charles Anderson 1819–97: Journalist and U.S. assistant secretary of war

Dana, Napoleon Jackson Tecumseh 1822–1905: Union general

Dana, Richard Henry, Jr. 1815–82: Author, lawyer, and Free-Soil Party founder

Davis, Charles Henry 1807–77: Union admiral

Davis, George 1820–96: Confederate attorney general and senator

Davis, Henry Winter 1817–65: U.S. congressman

Davis, Jefferson Columbus 1828–79: Union general

Davis, Jefferson Finis 1808–89: Confederate president, U.S. secretary of war, and U.S. senator

Davis, Sam 1842–63: Confederate soldier and spy

Davis, Varina Howell 1826–1906: Confederate first lady

Dearing, James 1840–65: Confederate general

Deas, Zachariah Cantey 1819–92: Confederate general

Dennison, William, Jr. 1815–82: U.S. postmaster general and Ohio governor

Denver, James William 1817–92: Union general and U.S. congressman

de Trobriand, Philippe Régis Denis de Keredern 1816–97: Union general

Devens, Charles, Jr. 1820–91: Union general and U.S. attorney general

Devin, Thomas Casimer 1822–78: Union general

Dewey, George 1837–1917: Union naval officer

Dibrell, George Gibbs 1822–88: Confederate general and U.S. congressman

di Cesnola, Louis Palma 1832–1904: Union general, diplomat, and museum director

Dix, Dorothea Llynde 1802–87: Social reformer and head of Union nurses

Dix, John Adams 1798–1879: Union general, U.S. senator and secretary of the treasury, and New York governor

Dodge, Grenville Mellen 1831–1916: Union general and U.S. congressman

Doherty, Edward Paul 1840–97: Union officer

Doles, George Pierce 1830–64: Confederate general

Donelson, Daniel Smith 1801–63: Confederate general

Doubleday, Abner 1819–93: Union general and supposed developer of baseball

Douglas, Stephen Arnold 1813–61: U.S. senator and presidential candidate

Douglass, Frederick 1817–95: Slave and abolitionist

Dowling, Richard William 1838–67: Confederate officer

Drayton, Percival 1812–65: Union naval officer

Drayton, Thomas Fenwick 1808–91: Confederate general

Duke, Basil Wilson 1838–1916: Confederate general

Du Pont, Samuel Francis 1803–65: Union admiral

Duryée, Abram 1815–90: Union general

Early, Jubal Anderson 1816–94: Confederate general

Echols, John 1823–96: Confederate general

Eckert, Thomas Thompson 1825–1910: Union officer

Edmonds, Sarah Emma 1841–98: Union soldier

Ellet, Alfred Washington 1820–95: Union general

Ellis, John Willis 1820–61: North Carolina governor

Ellsworth, Elmer Ephraim 1837–61: Union officer

Elzey, Arnold 1816–71: Confederate general

Emmett, Daniel Decatur 1815–1904: Minstrel composer

Emmons, George Foster 1811–84: Union naval officer

Emory, William Hemsley 1811–87: Union general

Ericsson, John 1803–89: Naval engineer and inventor

Eshleman, Benjamin Franklin 1830–1909: Confederate officer

Evans, Augusta Jane 1835–1909: Novelist and Confederate nurse

Evans, Clement Anselm 1833–1911: Confederate general

Evans, Nathan George 1824–68: Confederate general

Evarts, William Maxwell 1818–1901: U.S. secretary of state, attorney general, senator, and diplomat

Everett, Edward 1794–1865: U.S. senator and congressman, and Massachusetts governor

Ewell, Richard Stoddert 1817–72: Confederate general

Ewing, Hugh Boyle 1826–1905: Union general and U.S. diplomat

Ewing, Thomas, Jr. 1829–96: Union general and U.S. congressman

Ezekiel, Moses Jacob 1844–1917: Confederate soldier and international sculptor

Fagan, James Fleming 1828–93: Confederate general

Farnsworth, Elon John 1837–63: Union general

Farnsworth, John Franklin 1820–97: Union general and U.S. congressman

Farragut, David Glasgow 1801–70: Union admiral

Ferrero, Edward 1831–99: Union general

Ferry, Orris Sanford 1823–75: Union general and U.S. senator

Fessenden, William Pitt 1806–69: U.S. secretary of the treasury

Field, Charles William 1828–92: Confederate general

Fillmore, Millard 1800–74: U.S. president

Finegan, Joseph 1814–85: Confederate general

Finley, Jesse Johnson 1812–1904: Confederate general and U.S representative

Fish, Hamilton 1808–93: U.S. secretary of state and senator, and New York governor

Fitzhugh, George 1806–81: Author, proslavery advocate, and socialist

Fleetwood, Christian Abraham 1840–1914: African-American Union officer

Floyd, John Buchanan 1806–63: U.S. secretary of war, Virginia governor, and Confederate general

Foote, Andrew Hull 1806–63: Union admiral

Foote, Henry Stuart 1804–80: U.S. senator, Confederate congressman, and Mississippi governor

Force, Manning Ferguson 1824–99: Union general

Ford, John Salmon 1815–97: Confederate officer

Ford, John Thomson 1829–94: Theater owner

Forrest, Nathan Bedford 1821–77: Confederate general

Forsyth, James William 1835–1906: Union general

Forsyth, John, Jr. 1812–77: Editor

Foster, John Gray 1823–74: Union general

Foster, Robert Sanford 1834–1903: Union general

Fox, Gustavus Vasa 1821–83: U.S. assistant secretary of the navy

Franklin, William Buel 1823–1903: Union general

Fremantle, Arthur James Lyon 1835–1901: British general

Frémont, Jessie Ann Benton 1824–1902: Author and wife of Union Gen. John C. Frémont

Frémont, John Charles 1813–90: Explorer, politician, and Union general

French, William Henry 1815–81: Union general

Fritchie, Barbara 1766–1862: Union patriot

Fry, Birkett Davenport 1822–91: Confederate general

Fuller, John Wallace 1827–91: Union general

Gardner, Alexander 1821–82: Union photographer

Gardner, Franklin 1823–73: Confederate general

Garfield, James Abram 1831–81: Union general and U.S. president

Garnett, Richard Brooke 1817–63: Confederate general

Garnett, Robert Selden, Jr. 1819–61: Confederate general

Garrard, Kenner 1828–79: Union general

Garrison, William Lloyd 1805–79: Abolitionist and publisher

Gatling, Richard Jordan 1818–1903: Inventor

Gay, Sydney Howard 1814–88: Journalist

Geary, John White 1819–73: Union general, Kansas Territory governor, and Pennsylvania governor

George, James Zachariah 1826–97: Confederate officer, Mississippi Supreme Court chief justice, and U.S. senator

Getty, George Washington 1819–1901: Union general

Gibbon, John 1827–96: Union general

Gibson, Randall Lee 1832–92: Confederate general, U.S. senator and representative, and diplomat

Giddings, Joshua Reed 1795–1864: Abolitionist and U.S. congressman

Gillem, Alvan Cullem 1830–75: Union general

Gillmore, Quincy Adams 1825–88: Union general

Gladden, Adley Hogan 1810–62: Confederate general

Goldsborough, Louis Malesherbes 1805–77: Union admiral

Gordon, George Washington 1836–1911: Confederate general and U.S. congressman

Gordon, James Byron 1822–64: Confederate general

Gordon, John Brown 1832–1904: Confederate general, U.S. senator, and Georgia governor

Gordon, Rebecca “Fanny” Haralson 1837–1931: Wife of Confederate Gen. John Gordon

Gorgas, Josiah 1818–83: Confederate general and chief of ordnance

Gracie, Archibald, Jr. 1832–64: Confederate general

Grant, Julia Boggs Dent 1826–1902: Wife of Gen. Ulysses S. Grant

Grant, Lewis Addison 1829–1918: Union general and U.S. assistant secretary of war

Grant, Ulysses S(impson) 1822–85: Union general and U.S. president

Gray, Henry 1816–92: Confederate general

Graydon, James 1832–82: Union officer

Greeley, Horace 1811–72: Editor

Greene, George Sears 1801–99: Union general

Greene, Samuel Dana 1840–84: Union naval officer

Greenhow, Rose O'Neal 1817–64: Confederate spy

Gregg, David McMurtrie 1833–1916: Union general and diplomat

Gregg, John 1828–64: Confederate general

Gregg, Maxcy 1814–62: Confederate general

Gresham, Walter Quintin 1832–95: Union general and U.S. secretary of state, secretary of the treasury, and postmaster general

Grierson, Benjamin Henry 1826–1911: Union general

Griffin, Charles 1825–67: Union general

Griffin, Simon Goodell 1824–1902: Union general

Griffing, Josephine Sophia White 1814–72: Abolitionist and suffragette

Grigsby, Andrew Jackson 1819–95: Confederate general and diplomat

Grimes, Bryan, Jr. 1828–80: Confederate general

Grimes, James Wilson 1816–72: Iowa governor and U.S. senator

Grose, William 1812–1900: Union general

Grover, Cuvier 1828–85: Union general

Hall, Mary Ann c. 1814–86: Brothel owner and prostitute

Halleck, Henry Wagner 1815–72: Union general-in-chief

Halpine, Charles Graham 1829–68: Union general, journalist, and politician

Hamilton, Andrew Jackson 1815–75: Texas governor

Hamilton, Schuyler 1822–1903: Union general

Hamlin, Hannibal 1809–91: U.S. vice president

Hammond, James Henry 1807–64: U.S. senator and representative, and South Carolina governor

Hammond, William Alexander 1828–1900: Union general and U.S. surgeon general

Hampton, Wade, III 1818–1902: Confederate general, South Carolina governor, and U.S. senator

Hancock, Winfield Scott 1824–86: Union general and presidential nominee

Hanson, Roger Weightman 1827–63: Confederate general

Hardee, William Joseph 1815–73: Confederate general

Harker, Charles Garrison 1837–64: Union general

Harlan, James 1820–99: U.S. senator, secretary of the interior, and educator

Harney, William Selby 1800–89: Union general

Harris, Isham Green 1818–97: Tennessee governor

Harrison, Benjamin 1833–1901: U.S. president and Union officer

Hartranft, John Frederick 1830–89: Union general and Pennsylvania governor

Hartsuff, George Lucas 1830–74: Union general

Hatch, Edward 1832–89: Union general

Hatch, John Porter 1822–1901: Union general

Hatton, Robert Hopkins 1826–62: Confederate general

Haupt, Herman 1817–1905: Union general and railroad supervisor

Hawkins, Rush Christopher 1831–1920: Union officer

Hawley, Joseph Roswell 1826–1905: Union general, Connecticut governor, and U.S. senator and representative

Hawthorn, Alexander Travis 1825–99: Confederate general

Hawthorne, Nathaniel 1804–64: Author

Hay, John Milton 1838–1905: President Lincoln's assistant private secretary and U.S. secretary of state

Hayes, Rutherford Birchard 1822–93: U.S. president and Union general

Hays, Alexander 1819–64: Union general

Hazen, William Babcock 1830–87: Union general

Hébert, Louis 1820–1901: Confederate general

Hébert, Paul Octave 1818–80: Confederate general and Louisiana governor

Heintzelman, Samuel Peter 1805–80: Union general

Helm, Benjamin Hardin 1830–63: Confederate general

Helper, Hinton Rowan 1829–1909: Author

Henson, Josiah 1789–1883: Slave and abolitionist

Herron, Francis Jay 1837–1902: Union general

Heth, Henry 1825–99: Confederate general

Hickok, James Butler “Wild Bill” 1837–76: U.S. marshal and Union scout

Hicks, Thomas Holliday 1798–1865: Maryland governor

Higginson, Thomas Wentworth Storrow 1823–1911: Abolitionist, Union officer, and author

Hill, Adams Sherman 1833–1910: Journalist and educator

Hill, Ambrose Powell 1825–65: Confederate general

Hill, Benjamin Harvey 1823–82: Confederate senator and U.S. senator and representative

Hill, Daniel Harvey 1821–89: Confederate general

Hindman, Thomas Carmichael 1828–68: Confederate general and U.S. congressman

Hodge, George Baird 1828–92: Confederate general and congressman

Hodgers, Jennifer “Jennie” 1843–1915: Union soldier

Hoke, Robert Frederick 1837–1912: Confederate general

Holliday, Frederick William Mackey 1828–99: Confederate officer and congressman, and Virginia governor

Hollins, George Nichols 1799–1878: Confederate commodore

Holmes, Oliver Wendell, Jr. 1841–1935: Union officer and U.S. Supreme Court justice

Holmes, Theophilus Hunter 1804–80: Confederate general

Holt, Joseph 1807–94: Union general and judge advocate general, U.S. secretary of war, and postmaster general

Homer, Winslow 1836–1910: Artist

Hood, John Bell 1831–79: Confederate general

Hooker, Joseph 1814–79: Union general

Hopkins, Juliet Ann Opie 1818–90: Confederate hospital administrator

Hotze, Henry 1834–87: Journalist and Confederate diplomat

Houston, Sam(uel) 1793–1863: Texas and Tennessee governor, general, and U.S. congressman

Hovey, Alvin Peterson 1821–91: Union general, Indiana governor, U.S. congressman, and diplomat

Howard, Oliver Otis 1830–1909: Union general and educator

Howe, Albion Parris 1818–97: Union general

Howe, Julia Ward 1819–1910: Abolitionist and author

Howe, Samuel Gridley 1801–76: Physician, Sanitary Commission organizer, and abolitionist

Howell, Horatio Stockton 1820–63: Union chaplain

Huger, Benjamin 1805–77: Confederate general

Huger, Francis Kinloch 1837–97: Confederate officer

Humphreys, Andrew Atkinson 1810–83: Union general

Humphreys, Benjamin Grubb 1808–82: Confederate general and Mississippi governor

Hunt, Henry Jackson 1819–89: Union general

Hunter, David 1802–86: Union general

Hunter, Robert Mercer Taliaferro 1809–87: U.S. senator and representative, and Confederate secretary of state and senator

Hurlbut, Stephen Augustus 1815–82: Union general, U.S. congressman, and diplomat

Imboden, John Daniel 1823–95: Confederate general

Ingalls, Rufus 1818–93: Union general

Ingraham, Duncan Nathaniel 1802–91: Confederate naval officer

Iverson, Alfred, Jr. 1829–1911: Confederate general

Jackson, Alfred Eugene 1807–89: Confederate general

Jackson, Claiborne Fox 1806–62: Missouri governor

Jackson, Henry Rootes 1820–98: Confederate general and U.S. diplomat

Jackson, Thomas Jonathan “Stonewall” 1824–63: Confederate general

Jackson, William Hicks 1835–1903: Confederate general

Jacobs, Harriet Ann 1813–97: Slave

James, George Sholter 1829–62: Confederate officer

James, Jesse Woodson 1847–82: Confederate guerrilla and outlaw

Jeffers, William Nicholson 1824–83: Union naval officer

Jenkins, Albert Gallatin 1830–64: Confederate general and congressman, and U.S. congressman

Jenkins, Charles Jones 1805–83: Georgia governor

Jenkins, Micah 1835–64: Confederate general

Johnson, Adam Rankin 1834–1922: Confederate general

Johnson, Andrew 1808–75: U.S. president

Johnson, Bradley Tyler 1829–1903: Confederate general

Johnson, Bushrod Rust 1817–80: Confederate general and educator

Johnson, Edward 1816–73: Confederate general

Johnson, Herschel Vespasian 1812–80: U.S. senator, Confederate senator, and Georgia governor

Johnson, James 1811–91: Georgia governor

Johnson, Richard W. 1827–97: Union general

Johnston, Albert Sidney 1803–62: Confederate general

Johnston, George Doherty 1832–1910: Confederate general

Johnston, Joseph Eggleston 1807–91: Confederate general and U.S. congressman

Johnston, William Preston 1831–99: Confederate officer

Jones, John Robert 1827–1901: Confederate officer

Jones, Patrick Henry 1830–1900: Union general

Jones, Samuel 1820–87: Confederate general

Jones, Thomas Marshall 1832–1913: Confederate officer

Jones, William Edmondson 1824–64: Confederate general

Jordan, Thomas 1819–95: Confederate general

Judah, Henry Moses 1821–66: Union general

Julian, George Washington 1817–99: U.S. congressman

Kane, Thomas Leiper 1822–83: Union general

Kautz, August Valentine 1828–95: Union general

Kearny, Philip 1816–62: Union general

Keckly, Elizabeth 1818–1907: Slave and Mrs. Lincoln's dressmaker and companion

Keim, William High 1813–62: Union general and U.S. congressman

Keitt, Laurence Massillon 1824–64: U.S. congressman, and Confederate congressman and officer

Kell, John McIntosh 1823–1900: Confederate naval officer

Kelly, John Herbert 1840–64: Confederate general

Kemper, James Lawson 1823–95: Confederate general and Virginia governor

Kenly, John Reese 1822–91: Union general

Kershaw, Joseph Brevard 1822–94: Confederate general

Keyes, Erasmus Darwin 1810–95: Union general

Kilpatrick, Hugh Judson 1836–81: Union general

Kimball, Nathan 1822–98: Union general

King, Rufus 1814–76: Union general and diplomat

King, Susie 1848–1912: Slave and Union nurse

Kirby Smith, Edmund

Knight, Newton 1837–1922: Confederate soldier and Unionist guerrilla leader

Lander, Frederick West 1821–62: Union general and frontier explorer

Lane, James Henry 1833–1907: Confederate general

Langston, John Mercer 1829–97: African-American politician

Lanier, Sidney 1842—81: Poet and Confederate soldier

Lauman, Jacob Gartner 1813–67: Union general

Law, Evander McIver 1836–1920: Confederate general and educator

Lawley, Francis Charles 1825–1901: British journalist and politician

Lawton, Alexander Robert 1818–96: Confederate general and U.S. diplomat

Leadbetter, Danville 1811–66: Confederate general

Lee, Fitzhugh 1835–1905: Confederate general and Virginia governor

Lee, George Washington Custis 1832–1913: Confederate general

Lee, Mary Anna Randolph Custis 1808–73: Wife of Gen. Robert E. Lee

Lee, Robert Edward 1807–70: Confederate general

Lee, Samuel Phillips 1812–97: Union admiral

Lee, Stephen Dill 1833–1908: Confederate general

Lee, William Henry Fitzhugh 1837–91: Confederate general and U.S. congressman

Leggett, Mortimer Dormer 1821—96: Union general

LeMat, Jean François Alexandre 1821—95: Revolver inventor

Letcher, John 1813–84: Virginia governor

Letterman, Jonathan 1824–72: Union officer and surgeon

Leventhorpe, Collett 1815–89: Confederate officer

Lewis, Mary Edmonia 1845–c. 1909: Slave and sculptor

Liddell, St. John Richardson 1815–70: Confederate general

Lincoln, Abraham 1809–65: U.S. president

Lincoln, Mary Todd 1818–82: U.S. first lady

Livermore, Mary Ashton Rice 1820–1905: Sanitary Commission organizer and social reformer

Logan, John Alexander 1826–86: Union general and U.S. senator and representative

Logan, Thomas Muldrup 1840–1914: Confederate general

Longfellow, Henry Wadsworth 1807–82: Poet

Longstreet, James 1821–1904: Confederate general

Loring, William Wing 1818–86: Confederate general

Lovejoy, Elijah Parish 1802–37: Journalist, abolitionist, and minister

Lovejoy, Owen 1811–64: U.S. congressman and Union officer

Lovell, Mansfield 1822–84: Confederate general

Lowe, Thaddeus Sobieski Constantine 1832–1913: Balloonist

Lowell, James Russell 1819–91: Poet, editor, and diplomat

Lowrey, Mark Perrin 1828–85: Confederate general, preacher, and educator

Lowry, Robert 1829–1910: Confederate general and Mississippi governor

Lubbock, Francis Richard 1815–1905: Confederate officer and Texas governor

Lyon, Hylan Benton 1836–1907: Confederate general

Lyon, Nathaniel 1818–61: Union general

Lytle, William Haines 1826–63: Union general and poet

MacArthur, Arthur 1845–1912: Union general

Mackay, Charles 1814–89: Journalist and poet

Mackenzie, Ranald Slidell 1840–89: Union general and Indian fighter

Magoffin, Beriah 1815–85: Kentucky governor

Magruder, John Bankhead 1810–70: Confederate general

Mahan, Alfred Thayer 1840–1914: Union naval officer and U.S. naval historian

Mahone, William 1826–95: Confederate general and U.S. senator

Mallory, Stephen Russell 1813–73: Confederate secretary of the navy

Manigault, Arthur Middleton 1824–86: Confederate general

Mansfield, Joseph King Fenno 1803–62: Union general

Manson, Mahlon Dickerson 1820–95: Union general, U.S. representative, and Indiana lieutenant governor

Marcy, Randolph Barnes 1812–87: Union general and frontier explorer

Marmaduke, John Sappington 1833–87: Confederate general and Missouri governor

Marston, Gilman 1811–90: Union general and U.S. representative and senator

Martin, William Thompson 1823–1910: Confederate general

Martindale, John Henry 1815–81: Union general

Mason, James Murray 1798–1871: U.S. senator and representative, and Confederate diplomat

Maury, Betty Herndon 1835–1903: Diarist

Maury, Dabney Herndon 1822–1900: Confederate general

Maury, Matthew Fontaine 1806–73: Oceanographer and Confederate officer

Mayo, Robert Murphy 1836–96: Confederate officer and U.S. congressman

McCallum, Daniel Craig 1815–78: Union general and military railroad director

McClellan, George Brinton 1826–85: Union general, presidential candidate, and New Jersey governor

McClernand, John Alexander 1812–1900: Union general and U.S. representative

McCook family: Union soldiers

McCown, John Porter 1815–79: Confederate general

McCullagh, Joseph Burbridge 1842–96: Journalist and Union officer

McCulloch, Benjamin 1811–62: Confederate general

McCulloch, Hugh 1808–95: U.S. secretary of the treasury

McDowell, Irvin 1818–85: Union general

McGowan, Samuel 1819–97: Confederate general

McIntosh, James McQueen 1828–62: Confederate general

McIntosh, John Baillie 1829–88: Union general

McKinley, William 1843–1901: U.S. president and Union officer

McLaws, Lafayette 1821–97: Confederate general

McLean, Wilmer 1814–82: Farmer and sugar broker

McNeill, John Hanson 1815–64: Confederate officer

McPherson, James Birdseye 1828–64: Union general

McRae, Dandridge 1829–99: Confederate general

Meade, George Gordon 1815–72: Union general

Meagher, Thomas Francis 1823–67: Union general

Meigs, Montgomery Cunningham 1816–1892: Union general and quartermaster general

Memminger, Christopher Gustavus 1803–88: Confederate secretary of the treasury

Meredith, Solomon 1810–75: Union general

Merritt, Wesley 1834–1910: Union general

Miles, Dixon Stansbury 1804–62: Union officer

Miles, Nelson Appleton 1839–1925: Union general and Indian fighter

Miller, John Franklin 1831–86: Union general and U.S. senator

Milroy, Robert Huston 1816–90: Union general

Mitchel, Ormsby MacKnight 1810–62: Union general and astronomer

Mitchell, Robert Byington 1823–82: Union general and New Mexico Territory governor

Monroe, John Tompkins 1823–71: New Orleans mayor

Moody, Young Marshall 1822–66: Confederate general

Moore, Thomas Overton 1804–76: Louisiana governor

Morgan, George Washington 1820–93: Union general and U.S. congressman and diplomat

Morgan, John Hunt 1825–64: Confederate general

Morgan, Sarah 1842–1909: Diarist

Morrill, Lot Myrick 1813–83: Maine governor, and U.S. senator and secretary of the treasury

Morse, Samuel Finley Breese 1791–1872: Inventor and artist

Morton, Oliver Perry 1823–77: Indiana governor and U.S. senator

Mosby, John Singleton 1833–1916: Confederate officer

Mott, Gershom 1822–84: Union general

Mott, Lucretia Coffin 1793–1880: Abolitionist, women's rights campaigner, and Quaker preacher

Mouton, Jean Jacques Alexandre Alfred 1829–64: Confederate general

Mower, Joseph Anthony 1827–70: Union general

Mussey, Reuben Delevan 1833–92: Union officer and President Andrew Johnson's secretary

Myer, Albert James 1827–80: Union officer and surgeon

Naglee, Henry Morris 1815–86: Union general

Nast, Thomas 1840–1902: Union political cartoonist

Negley, James Scott 1826–1901: Union general and U.S. congressman

Nelson, William 1824–62: Union general

Newton, John 1823–95: Union general

Nicholls, Francis Redding Tillou 1834–1912: Confederate general, Louisiana governor, and Louisiana chief justice

Nicolay, John George 1832–1901: President Lincoln's private secretary and diplomat

Northrop, Lucius Bellinger 1811–94: Confederate officer and commissary general

Noyes, Edward Follansbee 1832–90: Union officer and Ohio governor

Oates, William Calvin 1835–1910: Confederate officer, U.S. congressman, and Alabama governor

Oglesby, Richard James 1824–99: Union general, Illinois governor, and U.S. senator

Oldham, Williamson Simpson 1813–68: Confederate senator

Oliver, Paul Ambrose 1830–1912: Union officer

Olmsted, Frederick Law 1822–1903: Landscape architect and Sanitary Commission executive secretary

Opdycke, Samuel Emerson 1830–84: Union general

Opdyke, George 1805–80: New York mayor

Ord, Edward Otho Cresap 1818–83: Union general

Orme, William Ward 1832–66: Union general

Osborn, Thomas Ogden 1832–1904: Union general and diplomat

Osterhaus, Peter Joseph 1823–1917: Union general and diplomat

Owen, Joshua Thomas 1821–87: Union general

Page, Richard Lucian 1807–1901: Confederate naval officer and general

Paine, Charles Jackson 1833–1916: Union general

Paine, Halbert Eleazer 1826–1905: Union general and U.S. congressman

Palmer, Benjamin Morgan 1818–1902: Presbyterian minister

Palmer, John McAuley 1817–1900: Union general, Illinois governor, and U.S. senator

Palmer, Joseph Benjamin 1825–90: Confederate general

Parke, John Grubb 1827–1900: Union general

Parker, Ely Samuel 1828–95: Native-American Union general

Parrott, Enoch Greenleaf 1814–79: Union naval officer

Parrott, Robert Parker: Ordnance inventor

Parsons, Lewis Baldwin, Jr. 1818–1907: Union general

Parsons, Mosby Monroe 1819–65: Confederate general

Patterson, Robert 1792–1881: Union general

Pegram, John 1832–65: Confederate general

Pelham, John 1838–63: Confederate officer

Pemberton, John Clifford 1814–81: Confederate general

Pendleton, Alexander Swift 1840–64: Confederate officer

Pendleton, William Nelson 1809–83: Confederate general and Episcopal minister

Perrin, Abner Monroe 1827–64: Confederate general

Perry, William Flank 1823–1901: Confederate general and educator

Petigru, James Louis 1789–1863: Lawyer

Pettigrew, James Johnston 1828–63: Confederate general

Pettus, Edmund Winston 1821–1907: Confederate general and U.S. senator

Pettus, John Jones 1813–67: Mississippi governor and Confederate officer

Phillips, Eugenia Levy c. 1820–1902: Confederate spy

Phillips, Wendell 1811–84: Abolitionist

Pickens, Francis Wilkinson 1805–69: South Carolina governor

Pickett, George Edward 1825–75: Confederate general

Pickett, Sallie Ann Corbell 1843–1931: Author and wife of Confederate Gen. George E. Pickett

Pierce, Byron Root 1829–1924: Union general

Pierce, Franklin 1804–69: U.S. president

Pierce, Matilda Jane 1848–1914: Diarist

Pike, Albert 1809–91: Confederate general

Pillow, Gideon Johnson 1806–78: Confederate general

Pinchback, Pinckney Benton Stewart 1837–1921: African-American Louisiana governor